Norman noble and Girondin sympathizer who assassinated Marat
On 13 July 1793 she gained an interview with Marat by claiming to know of a Girondin plot, then stabbed him to death in his medicinal bath.
A figure of the French Revolution who supported the Girondins. On 13 July 1793 she assassinated the Jacobin leader Jean-Paul Marat, whom she held responsible for the September 1792 massacres; she judged that the radicalised Jacobins had placed the Revolution in danger. Arrested at the scene and convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal, she was guillotined on 17 July.
A lawyer-statesman who held White Siberia together through compromise
He told Kolchak that the government’s authority, and Kolchak’s own, was falling with every passing hour.
Pyotr Vologodsky was a lawyer and statesman shaped by Siberian regionalism and the Socialist Revolutionary movement, advocating local self-government and legal reform before 1917. In 1918 he led Siberia’s anti-Bolshevik government and managed compromises among right-wing, socialist, and regionalist forces. He remained head of government after Kolchak’s seizure of power, criticized the crisis produced by military arbitrariness and administrative weakness, and resigned in 1919 before emigrating to China.
Career timeline
1887–1897Clerk, judge, and assistant prosecutor in Siberian judicial institutions
1897–1917Tomsk attorney and member of the city duma
1902–1907Leader in Tomsk Socialist Revolutionary organization and Siberian regionalism
1917Tomsk provincial commissar and senior chairman of the Omsk court chamber
1918.01–06Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia
1918.06–11Chairman of the Provisional Siberian Government
1918.11–1919.11Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Government
1920–1925Exile in China, working in legal and émigré affairs
A non-party workers' lawyer elected the first chairman of the Petersburg Soviet in 1905
Khrustalev shone with a double light, of the party and of the masses, but both lights were reflected, someone else's.
A non-party workers' lawyer, he was elected the first chairman of the Petersburg Soviet at the height of the 1905 Revolution. His independence helped him command workers' trust, but effective political direction was seized by Social Democrats led by Trotsky and Parvus. After escaping Siberian exile in 1907 he lived as an émigré, returned to Russia as a war patriot, and in 1918 led the self-declared 'Pereyaslav Republic' against the Bolsheviks before being executed by the local revkom the following year.
Career timeline
1905.10–11First chairman, Petersburg Soviet; elected unanimously on 14 Oct
1905.11–1906Arrested; sentenced to Siberian exile
1907Escaped Siberia; London Party Congress, then emigration
1909–1914Left RSDLP; syndicalism and publishing in Paris
1915–1917Arrested on return; 3 years' katorga; freed by February Revolution