People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity
Any Political and party leadership 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any Communist Party of Italy / Italian Communist Party (PCdI/PCI) 1 Italian Socialist Party (PSI) 1

All 2 affiliations

Italy

Communist Party of Italy / Italian Communist Party (PCdI/PCI) 1 Italian Socialist Party (PSI) 1
Position(set)
Any Counter-revolutionary forces 3 Non-Bolshevik socialists 2 Fascists and Nazis 3 Western Marxist theorists 1 Marxism and communism 5 Liberalism and republicanism 1 Monarchy and royalism 1
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Any Italy 1
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Any Germany 5 France 2 Czechoslovakia 1 Hungary 1 Italy 1 Netherlands 1 Peru 1 Russia 1 Trinidad and Tobago 1 United States 1
Era
Any

People of the wider world

The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 1
Western Marxist theorists Background: Italy Clear all

Antonio Gramsci

Antonio Gramsci
Communist Party of Italy / Italian Communist Party (PCdI/PCI) Western Marxist theorists Italy Italy 1891–1937 ○ Illness

The brain a prison was meant to stop: theorist of hegemony

“The old is dying and the new cannot be born; in this interregnum a great variety of morbid symptoms appear.” — Prison Notebooks

Italian Marxist philosopher who theorized hegemony: the insight that rule is maintained not by force alone but through consent organized in civil society. From a fascist prison he wrote the Prison Notebooks, laying foundations for Western Marxism.

Career timeline
  • 1919Founds L'Ordine Nuovo; the Turin factory-council movement
  • 1921Among the founders of the Italian Communist Party
  • 1924–1926Party secretary and deputy
  • 1926Arrested — 'we must stop this brain for twenty years'
  • 1929–1935Writes the thirty-three Prison Notebooks
  • 1937Dies days after his release
  • 1948–1951Prison writings first published posthumously in six thematic volumes as Prison Notebooks