Belgrade Follow-up Meeting
베오그라드 후속 회의
The Belgrade Follow-up Meeting was the first follow-up meeting of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, held from 4 October 1977 to 8 March 1978 to review implementation of the Helsinki Final Act. Participants retained consensus decision-making and conducted deliberations in closed sessions, while disputes over human-rights implementation helped make the issue a standing item on the East-West agenda.
In depth
Character and issues
The meeting demonstrated that the Helsinki process was an ongoing diplomatic process for reviewing implementation, not a one-time summit. It followed a procedure requiring consensus for adopting conclusions, and formal negotiations were conducted in closed sessions. Western participants and civil-society groups raised questions about human-rights implementation in the Eastern bloc, turning the human dimension into a dispute between claims of domestic sovereignty and international review. Although the participants failed to agree on the level of implementation, the meeting helped establish human rights as a continuing subject for follow-up diplomacy.
Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) : supports the Belgrade follow-up meeting dates, 4 October 1977 to 8 March 1978, and its place in the Helsinki process.
- osce.org : OSCE reference work supports that the Helsinki process made human rights a subject of East-West dialogue and cooperation, with tense discussions at the Belgrade follow-up meeting.
- cdn.osce.org : OSCE bulletin supports the meeting's failure to reach consensus on implementation of the Final Act.