Activities and affiliations

Military command Russian Empire 1892–1917/1918 ✕ Executed

A soldier leader who defied imperial orders

“Will we fire on the workers? I personally do not want to go.”

Timofey Kirpichnikov was a junior leader in the Imperial Russian Army who used his front-line experience and influence among soldiers to judge orders for himself. After the suppression of demonstrations on 26 February 1917, he persuaded his men not to fire on workers and led the Volhynian Regiment’s mutiny the next morning, helping set off the Petrograd garrison’s wider defection. Celebrated by the Provisional Government as a revolutionary hero and awarded the Cross of St George, he opposed the Bolsheviks after October and was ultimately executed within the White movement.

Military command Russian Empire 1729/1730–1800 ○ Died of illness

Russian imperial field marshal and generalissimo, the 'Russian Hannibal'

In the 1799 Italian and Swiss expedition of the War of the Second Coalition he commanded the Austro-Russian army, drove the French from Italy and was made generalissimo. France nevertheless won in Switzerland and the campaign's aim was not achieved.

A Russian imperial general and military theorist, field marshal in 1794 and generalissimo in 1799. He suppressed Pugachev's Rebellion and the Kościuszko Uprising and took part in the annexation of Crimea and the Kuban, and was undefeated in major engagements. His birth in 1729 or 1730 remains unsettled; he died of illness in Saint Petersburg on 18 May 1800.