Activities and affiliations

What people did, and whom they served in that activity.

State, movement or organization

All 34 affiliations by country

Social movements and organizing · Party of Left Socialist Revolutionaries people 2

Clear all

Irina Konstantinovna Kakhovskaya

Ирина Константиновна Каховская

Left SR who organised the 1918 assassination of the German field marshal Eichhorn in Kiev and spent decades in Soviet prisons and exile

In 1918, she and Boris Donskoy prepared the assassination of German occupation commander Hermann von Eichhorn in Kiev; her attempt to kill Hetman Skoropadskyi failed.

A grandniece of the Decembrist Pyotr Kakhovsky, she joined the SR Maximalists after 1905 and in 1908 was sentenced to hard labour, which she served at Nerchinsk alongside Maria Spiridonova. After the October Revolution she went with the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries and sat on the presidium of the Second Congress of Soviets. When the Left SR leadership resumed terror against the Brest-Litovsk peace in 1918, she and Boris Donskoy prepared the killing of Field Marshal Eichhorn in Kiev; her attempt on Hetman Skoropadskyi failed, and the Germans sentenced her to death but released her in January 1919. From 1921 she passed through Soviet exile, the 1937 "All-Union SR Centre" trial and the Krasnoyarsk camps, was released in 1954 and spent her last years keeping alive the memory of Spiridonova and Izmailovich.

Career timeline
  • 1906–1914SR Maximalist; arrested 1907; hard labour at Nerchinsk
  • 1917–1918Left SR; member of the presidium of the Second Congress of Soviets
  • 1918–1919Left SR combat organisation; organised the Eichhorn assassination; sentenced to death by the Germans, released
  • 1921–1954Arrests and exile; ten years in 1937; Krasnoyarsk camp

Boris Mikhailovich Donskoy

Борис Михайлович Донской

Left SR sailor who killed the German field marshal Eichhorn with a bomb in Kiev in 1918 and was hanged

A member of the Left SR combat organisation who worked against the German occupation of Ukraine, he was convicted by a German military court and hanged after the 1918 assassination of Eichhorn.

A peasant from Ryazan Governorate who went to Petrograd at fifteen and was conscripted into the Baltic Fleet in 1915. He joined the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries in 1916 and was arrested for organising a sailors' hunger strike. Freed by the February Revolution, he sat on the Kronstadt executive committee, led Baltic sailors against Kornilov and in October 1917 was commissar of Fort Ino. In spring 1918 he went to Ukraine with Irina Kakhovskaya to organise resistance to the German occupation and joined the Left SR combat organisation. On 30 July 1918 in Kiev he threw the bomb that killed Field Marshal Hermann von Eichhorn; a German military court sentenced him to death and he was publicly hanged on 10 August.

Career timeline
  • 1915–1917Sailor on the transport Asia, Baltic Fleet; joined the Left SRs in 1916
  • 1917Member of the Kronstadt executive committee; commissar of Fort Ino in the October Revolution
  • 1918Member of the Left SR combat organisation; assassinated Eichhorn in Kiev on 30 July; hanged on 10 August