Chiang Kai-shek's sworn brother who led the regency cabinet after the Beijing Coup and signed the Tanggu Truce
Born in Shangyu, Zhejiang, in 1880, he studied in Japan, joined the Tongmenghui in Tokyo in 1905 and befriended Chiang Kai-shek and Zhang Qun. During the Xinhai Revolution he and Chen Qimei declared Shanghai independent, and he became Chiang's sworn brother. Exiled after the failed Second Revolution of 1913, he later objected to Sun Yat-sen's demand for personal oaths of loyalty and left politics, returning to join the delegation to the Washington Naval Conference in 1921. In 1924 he backed Feng Yuxiang's Beijing Coup and, as acting premier, led the regency cabinet, which declared Cao Kun's term illegal and expelled Puyi from the Forbidden City. Under the Nationalists he was mayor of Shanghai and foreign minister, and in 1933, as chairman of the North China Political Council, he signed the Tanggu Truce. He died of cancer in Shanghai in 1936.
Activities and affiliations
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1905–1912
Tongmenghui (Chinese United League)
Government and administration -
1924
Beiyang government and warlordsActing PremierHeads of state, government and party of China
Political and party leadership -
1927–1928
Republic of China state institutionsMayor of Shanghai; Minister of Foreign Affairs
Government and administration -
1933–1935
Republic of China state institutionsChairman of the North China Political CouncilMain
Government and administration
Career Timeline
- 1904Entered the Zhejiang Military College
- 1905Studied at the Tokyo Shinbu Gakko; joined the Tongmenghui
- 1911.11Chief of staff of the Shanghai military government
- 1913–1916In exile after the failed Second Revolution
- 1921Adviser to the delegation at the Washington Naval Conference
- 1924.10.31–11.24Acting Premier; exercised the presidency as head of the regency cabinet
- 1927.07Mayor of Shanghai
- 1928.02–05Nationalist Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1933.05–1935Chairman of the Executive Yuan's Beiping Political Council
- 1933.05.31Signed the Tanggu Truce