President who weathered the Boulanger crisis and the Panama scandal and was assassinated by an anarchist in Lyon

Born in Limoges in 1837, the son of the statesman Hippolyte Carnot and grandson of Lazare Carnot of the revolutionary Committee of Public Safety, he was a civil engineer. In 1870 the Government of National Defence charged him with organising resistance in Normandy; after serving as a prefect he was elected to the National Assembly for the Côte-d'Or, joining the Gauche républicaine. In the 1880s he served as minister of public works and of finance. When Grévy fell in December 1887, his reputation for integrity won him the presidency. His term saw the threat of General Boulanger, the centenary of the Revolution and the Paris Exhibition of 1889, and the Panama scandal of 1892, and he favoured the Franco-Russian Alliance. On 24 June 1894 he was stabbed in Lyon by the Italian anarchist Caserio and died the next day, the first president to die in office.

Also known as: Marie François Sadi Carnot

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