People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity
Any Political and party leadership 1 Social movements and organizing 1
Affiliation(set)

Most people

Any Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1008 Soviet Unionstate 963 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) 144 Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR) 19 Left Opposition 16 Comintern 16 Party of Left Socialist Revolutionaries 15 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) 11 Social Democratic Party of Finland 2

All 50 affiliations

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) 2 Workers' Party of North Korea 1 Democratic People’s Republic of Koreastate 1

Estonia

Estonia state institutionsstate 1

Finland

Social Democratic Party of Finland 2 Communist Party of Finland (SKP) 3

France

French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) 1

Georgia

Georgia state institutionsstate 1

Germany

Nazi party and regime 2 Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 3 Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1 Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) 1

International organizations

Comintern 16

Italy

Italian Socialist Party (PSI) 1

Latvia

Latvia state institutionsstate 1

Lithuania

Lithuania state institutionsstate 1

Mongolia

Mongoliastate 1 Mongolian People's Party / Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 1

Poland

Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) 1 Communist Party of Poland (KPP) 4 Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL) 6 Polish Socialist Party (PPS) 1

Russia

Russian Empirestate 5 Russian White movement 1 Russian Federation state institutionsstate 5 Kronstadt Provisional Revolutionary Committee 1 Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR) 19 Party of Left Socialist Revolutionaries 15 Mensheviks (RSDLP) 7 Union of 17 October (Octobrists) 1 Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) 4 Narodnaya Volya 2 Russian Orthodox Church 1 General Jewish Labour Bund 3 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) 144 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) 11 United Russia 6 Our Home – Russia 1

Soviet Union

Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1008 ↳ Left Communists 5 ↳ Democratic Centralists (Decists) 5 ↳ Workers' Opposition 3 ↳ Workers' Group 1 ↳ Left Opposition 16 ↳ Union of Marxist-Leninists (Ryutin group) 1 Soviet Unionstate 963

Ukraine

Ukrainian People's Republicstate 2 Ukrainian State (Hetmanate)state 1 ↳ Soviet Ukrainestate 5 Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (Makhnovists) 2
Position
Any Marxism and communism 2
Citizenship(set)
Any Finland 4 Soviet Union 2
Background
Any Finland 2
Era
Any

People of the wider world

The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 2
Social Democratic Party of Finland Citizenship: Soviet Union Clear all
GlossarySocial Democratic Party of Finland

Eero Haapalainen

Eero Haapalainen
Communist Party of Finland (SKP) Communism Soviet Union Finland 1880–1937 ✕ Executed by shooting

Trade union leader who commanded the Finnish Red Guards from January to March 1918

Born in Kuopio in 1880, he joined the labour movement while studying law at Helsinki University. He was one of the leading Red Guard organisers in Helsinki during the 1905 general strike and in 1907 became the first chairman of the Finnish Trade Union Federation, losing the post in 1911 over his drinking. One of the most radical voices of 1917, openly calling for armed revolution, he was elected to the five-man committee of the Red Guards and in January 1918, without any military training, succeeded Ali Aaltonen as their commander-in-chief. Removed on 20 March after a series of defeats, he organised the defence of Viipuri with Edvard Gylling and escaped to Petrograd in May. He helped found the exiled Communist Party of Finland and worked in the Karelian Workers’ Commune, but was arrested in the Great Purge and shot in Petrozavodsk in 1937.

Career timeline
  • 1907–1911First chairman of the Finnish Trade Union Federation (SAJ)
  • 1917Commander of the Kymi Paper Mill Red Guard; member of the five-man Red Guard committee
  • 1918Commander-in-chief of the Red Guards; member of the People’s Delegation
  • 1920–1923Several posts in the Karelian Workers’ Commune
  • 1931–1935Head of the revolution research department, Karelian Research Institute

Edvard Gylling

Edvard Gylling
Soviet Union Soviet communism Soviet Union Finland 1881–1938 ✕ Executed by shooting

Finnish socialist who was Red Finland’s commissar of finance and later headed the government of Soviet Karelia

Born in Kuopio in 1881, the statistician and economist took his doctorate in 1909 with a thesis on crofting and became the Social Democrats’ agrarian expert. He sat in the Diet for the party from 1908 to 1917, was its vice chairman, and in November 1917 co-wrote “We demand” with Kuusinen. In the civil war he was Commissar of Finance of the People’s Delegation, led the talks for the 1 March treaty with Soviet Russia and signed it, and organised the defence of Viipuri at the end. Escaping to Sweden, he headed the Stockholm bureau of the Communist Party of Finland and in 1920 reported to Lenin on Karelian autonomy. As chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of Soviet Karelia in 1923–1935 he pursued Finnicisation, was condemned for “nationalist chauvinism” and removed, and was shot in Moscow in 1938.

Career timeline
  • 1905Editor-in-chief of the Marxist journal Sosialistinen aikakausilehti
  • 1908–1917Social Democratic member of the Diet; party vice chairman
  • 1918Commissar of Finance, Finnish People’s Delegation
  • 1918–1920Head of the Stockholm bureau of the Communist Party of Finland
  • 1920–1923Leading the Karelian Workers’ Commune
  • 1923–1935Chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of the Karelian ASSR