People of the Revolution and the USSR

GlossaryCommunist Party of Greece (KKE)

Georgios Siantos

Γιώργης Σιάντος
Communist Party of Greece (KKE) Communism Greece Greek Aromanian 1890–1947 ○ Natural causes

A KKE leader who bore both the Resistance's victory and its defeat at the negotiating table

Regarding Siantos as 'an agent of the British', Zachariadis in 1946 delayed his own departure abroad, 'in no case wanting to leave Siantos behind'.

A tobacco worker turned labor organizer, Georgios Siantos became a leading figure of the Greek Communist Party (KKE). When Nikolaos Zachariadis was transferred to Dachau, Siantos served as the party's acting general secretary and led the KKE, National Liberation Front (EAM), and Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) through the German occupation. He directed EAM forces during the December 1944 fighting, opposed disarmament, yet ultimately pursued negotiation. In February 1945 he led the EAM delegation that signed the Varkiza Agreement, whose disarmament terms became, amid the subsequent White Terror and renewed civil conflict, the political defeat of the EAM.

Career timeline
  • 1920President of the Karditsa tobacco workers' union
  • 1922Secretary General of the Greek Confederation of Tobacco Workers; joined SEKE
  • 1927Member of the KKE Central Committee and Politburo
  • 1936Member of Parliament for Trikala with the Popular Front
  • 1941Acting General Secretary of the KKE; led the party during the occupation
  • 1944Secretary for Interior and Food in PEEA; directed EAM forces in the December fighting
  • 1945Head of the KKE-EAM delegation negotiating and signing the Varkiza Agreement

Aris son of Dimitrios Velouchiotis

Άρης Βελουχιώτης
Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) Communism Greece Greek 1905–1945 ✕ Suicide

Organizer of a mass partisan war against occupation

In Domnista in 1942, he led a small mountain guerrilla band and proclaimed the emergence of ELAS.

Born Athanasios Klaras, Aris Velouchiotis was a Greek communist activist who became the key organizer linking the National Liberation Front, EAM, with its military arm, ELAS, during the occupation. In 1942 he formed a small guerrilla force in the mountains of Roumeli and built its early base by combining strict discipline with mass politics. Joint actions such as the destruction of the Gorgopotamos viaduct demonstrated the potential of armed resistance, while EAM-ELAS’s growing dominance also sharpened conflict with rival resistance groups and Britain. After the Varkiza Agreement he rejected demobilization, broke with the party leadership, and died isolated in 1945; the communist movement later restored his standing.

Career timeline
  • 1920sJoined left-wing and anti-militarist activity and the Communist Party of Greece
  • early 1930sWorked on the editorial staff of the communist newspaper Rizospastis
  • 1936–1941Imprisoned under the Metaxas dictatorship and forced to sign a renunciation
  • 1942.01Sent by the KKE to prepare guerrilla warfare in Roumeli
  • 1942.06Announced ELAS and began mountain guerrilla operations at Domnista
  • 1942.11Participated in the Gorgopotamos viaduct sabotage
  • 1944.10Commanded ELAS operations in central Greece and the Peloponnese after liberation
  • 1945Continued armed struggle after Varkiza and died in the mountains