Semyon Aronovich Klivansky
Семён Аронович Кливанский
Menshevik Bundist intellectual who drafted the core of Order No. 1 among the soldiers
At the soldiers’ section meeting on March 1, 1917, he used the alias “Maksim” while formulating the core provisions of Order No. 1.
A Jewish social-democrat who joined the Bund in the 1890s, led the Riga general strike of 1905, and attended the 1907 London party congress as a Bund delegate. Returning from emigration in 1917 as a Menshevik 'defencist,' he formulated the core points of Order No. 1 at the March 1 soldiers' section meeting under the alias 'Maksim'; elected to the Constituent Assembly, he was arrested the following year and exiled to Arkhangelsk.
Career timeline
- 1890sJoined the Bund (General Jewish Labour Bund)
- 1899Delegate to the 3rd Bund Congress
- 1905Led the Riga general strike
- 1907Bund delegate to the 5th RSDLP Congress in London
- 1917.03Formulated core points of Order No. 1 at the Petrograd Soviet soldiers' section meeting
- 1917Editorial contributor to the Menshevik-defencist newspaper Den'
- 1917.11Elected to the Constituent Assembly
- 1918Arrested and exiled to Arkhangelsk
- 1923Arrested by OGPU, case dropped and released