Vice president who twice remade the leadership, killed by a comrade's guards
On the morning before the meeting, he told Lebanese Communist leader George Hawi, "Today we intend to make specific proposals, and if Ali Nasir rejects them, I'll pull out my gun and shoot myself."
A guerrilla of the National Liberation Front who became a soldier and politician, serving as minister of defense and vice president of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. He reorganized the army along Soviet lines and led the 1978 ouster of Salim Rubai Ali and the 1980 removal of Abd al-Fattah Ismail, reaching the core of power. He later opposed Ali Nasir Muhammad's economic liberalization and became a center of the opposition until, shot dead by presidential guards at the Politburo meeting of January 13, 1986, his killing prompted the officer corps to desert the president and ignited the South Yemen civil war.
Career timeline
- 1963Fought on the Dhale and Radfan fronts of the October 14 revolution
- 1969Army commander and member of the first Presidential Council
- 1970Deputy minister of defense
- 1975Graduated the Soviet General Staff Academy
- 1978Led the coup that ousted Salim Rubai Ali
- 1980Vice president and first deputy premier; engineered Ismail's resignation
- 1981Removed as minister of defense
- 1986Shot dead at the Politburo meeting
Leader of South Yemen’s Socialist Party
Founder and chief ideologue of the Yemeni Socialist Party, he was South Yemen's de facto leader from 1978 to 1980 and died in the 1986 civil war.
A South Yemeni revolutionary leader central to the Yemeni Socialist Party’s formation in 1978. He left power in 1980 and stayed in the USSR, then returned and opposed Ali Nasir Muhammad. He died during the armed party conflict in 1986.
Career timeline
- 1963Co-founded the NLF and led its underground fedayeen in Aden
- 1967Minister of Culture, National Guidance and Yemeni Unity
- 1969NLF Central Committee Secretary-General, de facto leader
- 1971Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council (head of state)
- 1978Founded the Yemeni Socialist Party, its first General Secretary
- 1979Signed the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the USSR
- 1980Resigned all posts citing health, then moved to Moscow
- 1985Returned and rejoined the YSP Central Committee as Secretary
South Yemeni policy conflict and the 1986 crisis
Before leaving he declared 'I have made too many concessions already. I will not make any more'; two months later the Aden civil war erupted.
After serving as South Yemen’s prime minister, he became party and state leader in 1980. He favored pragmatic adjustments in foreign relations and economic management, while conflict with Ismail’s faction intensified. He lost power after the 1986 Aden fighting and fled to North Yemen.
Career timeline
- 1969–1977Minister of Defense
- 1971–1985Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen)
- 1978Chairman of the Presidential Council
- 1980–1986General Secretary of the Yemeni Socialist Party and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council
- 1986Ousted, fled to North Yemen
- 1994Mobilized his supporters on the Sana'a side in the civil war
South Yemen's defence minister, shot in the January 1986 Aden violence
On 13 January 1986 guards of Ali Nasir Muhammad opened fire on opposition Politburo members in the Central Committee meeting hall; he was killed there.
A South Yemeni soldier and politician who served as a Politburo member of the Yemeni Socialist Party and as minister of defence. He joined the National Liberation Front against British colonial rule, rose through the army after independence, and after the party split sided with the al-Tugma faction that supported Abdul Fattah Ismail. He was killed on 13 January 1986 when Ali Nasir Muhammad's guards opened fire on opposition Politburo members at the Central Committee meeting hall in Aden; his death was one of the triggers of the civil war that followed.
Career timeline
- 1960sJoined the National Liberation Front against British colonial rule
- after 1967Rose through the armed forces of the new state after independence; commanded the 22nd Infantry Brigade
- 1978Already a senior figure in the party when the Yemeni Socialist Party was founded
- 1979.08.11Dismissed as Minister of Interior during an intra-party struggle
- 1980.10.16–1981.08.30Minister of Interior (some sources date this 1980–1982)
- 1981.08.30–1986.01.13Minister of Defense, retained in the eighth government formed in February 1985 under Haidar al-Attas (some sources date it from 1982)
- 1986.01.13Killed by gunfire at the Central Committee meeting hall in Aden
