People of the Revolution and the USSR
Turkey state institutions (state)
Nationalism
The revolutionary wave and the world war 1917–1945
Clear all
- Sadri Maksudi Садри Максуди Tatar lawyer and Duma deputy who headed the national administration of Idel-Ural
- Enver Pasha İsmail Enver Paşa War minister among the Three Pashas who took the Ottomans into the war and was a main perpetrator of the Armenian genocide
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Gallipoli commander who led the national movement and founded the Republic of Turkey as its first president
- Kâzım Karabekir Kâzım Karabekir Eastern Front commander of the Turkish War of Independence who invaded Armenia in 1920 and imposed the Treaty of Alexandropol
- İsmet İnönü İsmet İnönü Officer who negotiated the Treaty of Lausanne and succeeded Atatürk as Turkey’s second president
- Ahmet-Zaki Validi Әхмәтзәки Вәлиди Leader of the Bashkir national movement who proclaimed Bashkir autonomy, commanded the Bashkir Army and took it over to the Soviet side