United States state institutions (state) · Background: United States · The Cold War and decolonization 1945–현재 — People | Cyber-Lenin

United States state institutions (state) Background: United States The Cold War and decolonization 1945–현재 Clear all

48 people

By birth A–Z List Cards

Douglas MacArthur Douglas MacArthur UN commander who conceived the Inchon landing and overruled the unanimous opposition of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Military command · United States state institutions 1880–1964
William L. Lockhart Clayton William L. Clayton Free-trade champion who built the world's largest cotton firm, then set the Marshall Plan in motion with his memo on Europe's collapse Economy, finance and planning · United States state institutions 1880–1966
James F. Francis Byrnes James F. Byrnes Roosevelt's "assistant president" who, as Secretary of State, designed the Potsdam reparations compromise Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1882–1972
Harry S. Truman Harry S. Truman The 33rd president who framed the Cold War with the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Government and administration · United States state institutions 1884–1972
John Foster Dulles John Foster Dulles An American diplomat who drove the Cold War through alliance-building Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1888–1959
Edward Mallory Almond Edward Mallory Almond A U.S. general whose offensive command was bound to racial prejudice Military command · United States state institutions 1892–1979
Allen Dulles Allen Dulles The American intelligence official who institutionalized covert war Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions 1893–1969
Oliver P. Smith Oliver Prince Smith A Marine commander whose caution helped save a surrounded division Military command · United States state institutions 1893–1977
William K. Harrison Jr. William K. Harrison Jr. The US Army lieutenant general who signed the Korean Armistice as UNC delegate after 158 truce meetings Military command · United States state institutions 1895–1987
John J. McCloy John Jay McCloy A pragmatic architect of the postwar U.S. international order Government and administration · United States state institutions 1895–1989
Lucius D. Clay Lucius D. Clay The US military governor who answered the blockade of West Berlin with a 324-day airlift Military command · United States state institutions 1897–1978
Edward Stettinius Edward Stettinius A corporate executive turned architect of the postwar international order Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1900–1949
Adlai Ewing Stevenson Adlai Ewing Stevenson Two-time presidential nominee who pressed the Soviet Union over its missiles in Cuba at the UN Security Council Government and administration · United States state institutions 1900–1965
Maxwell Davenport Taylor Maxwell Taylor A military strategist of the nuclear age Military command · United States state institutions 1901–1987
John Alexander McCone John Alexander McCone CIA director who alone warned that Soviet missiles were coming to Cuba Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions 1902–1991
Llewellyn E. Thompson Llewellyn Thompson The US Ambassador to Moscow who knew Khrushchev personally and, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, told Kennedy to ignore the second letter Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1904–1972
Charles E. Eustis Bohlen Charles E. Bohlen The State Department Soviet expert who turned Kennan's and Clayton's policy memos into Marshall's Harvard speech Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1904–1974
William H. Tunner William H. Tunner Architect of large-scale airlift operations Military command · United States state institutions 1906–1983
Curtis E. LeMay Curtis LeMay The Air Force general who firebombed Japan and urged nuclear war on his adversaries Military command · United States state institutions 1906–1990
James Webb James Edwin Webb The administrator who organized Apollo Government and administration · United States state institutions 1906–1992
Ernest Gross Ernest A. Gross An international lawyer who worked the UN’s procedures Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1906–1999
Paul Nitze Paul Nitze A Cold War strategist who moved between nuclear buildup and arms control Government and administration · United States state institutions 1907–2004
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon B. Johnson A Cold War president caught between reform and war Government and administration · United States state institutions 1908–1973
Edward Geary Lansdale Edward Lansdale The Mongoose architect whose six-phase Cuba overthrow plan convinced the Soviets invasion was coming Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions 1908–1987
Dean Rusk Dean Rusk A Cold War diplomat who built containment through international coalitions Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1909–1994
George Ball George Ball The Under Secretary who stopped an airstrike on Cuba with the Pearl Harbor analogy, then alone opposed escalation in Vietnam Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1909–1994
Ronald Wilson Reagan Ronald Reagan The Cold War's last American president, who genuinely believed in nuclear abolition but would not yield on SDI Political and party leadership · United States state institutions 1911–2004
Henry M. Jackson Henry M. Jackson A hawkish Democratic senator who tied Soviet trade status to Jewish emigration Political and party leadership · United States state institutions 1912–1983
Richard Milhous Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon The Cold Warrior who opened détente with Moscow and Beijing, then became the only U.S. president to resign Government and administration · United States state institutions 1913–1994
Gerald Ford Gerald Ford The unelected president who steered détente into its final phase Government and administration · United States state institutions 1913–2006
Charles Vanik Charles Vanik The congressman who made emigration a condition of trade Economy, finance and planning · United States state institutions 1913–2007
Gerard Smith Gerard C. Smith A negotiator of the nuclear age Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1914–1994
William Westmoreland William Westmoreland US Army general who commanded American forces in South Vietnam from 1964 to 1968 and pursued a strategy of attrition measured by body count Military command · United States state institutions 1914–2005
Arthur Lundahl Arthur C. Lundahl The founding father of photo interpretation whose analysts spotted Soviet missiles in Cuba and triggered the crisis Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions 1915–1992
Robert McNamara Robert McNamara The quantitative defense secretary who led the Vietnam War and helped prevent nuclear war in the Cuban Missile Crisis Government and administration · United States state institutions 1916–2009
John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy The youngest U.S. president, who took the world to the brink of nuclear war and back Government and administration · United States state institutions 1917–1963
McGeorge Bundy McGeorge Bundy The National Security Advisor who chose not to wake the president on the first night of the Cuban Missile Crisis Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions 1919–1996
Walter Stoessel Walter Stoessel A career diplomat who worked the front lines of détente Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1920–1986
George Pratt Shultz George Shultz The Secretary of State who pushed Reagan toward dialogue with Gorbachev and helped end the Cold War Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1920–2021
Gail Halvorsen Gail Halvorsen An airman whose small act of kindness became an international symbol Military command · United States state institutions 1920–2022
George H. W. Herbert Walker Bush George H. W. Bush The US president who declared the Cold War over with Gorbachev at Malta, yet whose caution nearly let history slip away Government and administration · United States state institutions 1924–2018
Jimmy Carter Jimmy Carter The 39th U.S. president whose administration marked both the peak and the end of détente Government and administration · United States state institutions 1924–2024
Robert F. Francis Kennedy Robert F. Kennedy The president's brother and attorney general who engineered the secret settlement of the Cuban Missile Crisis Law and justice · United States state institutions 1925–1968
Brent Scowcroft Brent Scowcroft A cautious strategist at the Cold War's end Government and administration · United States state institutions 1925–2020
Richard Heyser Richard Heyser The U-2 pilot whose six-minute, 928-photo run over Cuba on 14 October 1962 revealed Soviet missiles and ignited the Cuban Missile Crisis Military command · United States state institutions 1927–2008
Ted Sorensen Ted Sorensen Kennedy's speechwriter whose pen chose 'quarantine' over airstrikes at the nuclear brink Government and administration · United States state institutions 1928–2010
Jack Foust Matlock Jack Matlock Reagan's NSC Soviet expert who assembled the 'Soviet 101' briefing papers and the last US ambassador to the USSR Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1929–
James Baker James Baker The pragmatic diplomat who engineered the Cold War's final transition Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions 1930–