People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity
Any Government and administration 1 Diplomacy and international organization 1 Agriculture and land policy 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any Austria state institutions 2

All 1 affiliations

Austria

Austria state institutions 2
Position(set)
Any Counter-revolutionary forces 1 Non-Bolshevik socialists 3 Fascists and Nazis 2 Conservatism and Christian democracy 2 Monarchy and royalism 3 Nationalism 1
Citizenship(set)
Any Hungary 10 Germany 6 United States 6 United Kingdom 4 Russia 3 Austria 2 Finland 2 East Germany 1 France 1 Lithuania 1
Background
Any Austria 1
Era
Any

People of the wider world

The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 1 The Cold War and decolonization1945–현재 1
Conservatism and Christian democracy Citizenship: Austria Clear all

Engelbert Dollfuss

Engelbert Dollfuß
Austria state institutions Fascists and Nazis Austria 1892–1934 ✕ Assassinated in a Nazi coup

Austrian chancellor who shut down parliament, built the Fatherland Front dictatorship and was assassinated in a Nazi coup in 1934

Born to a poor peasant family in Lower Austria, he studied law at the University of Vienna and served for 37 months on the Italian front in the First World War. Working for the Lower Austrian Peasants’ Union he became known as an agrarian expert, and he was appointed minister of agriculture and forestry in 1931 and federal chancellor in May 1932. In March 1933 he shut out parliament and ruled by emergency decree, banned the Communists, the Nazis and then the Social Democrats, and built a one-party dictatorship under the Fatherland Front modelled largely on Italian Fascism. He crushed the socialist movement in the civil war of February 1934 and in March signed the Rome Protocols with Mussolini and Gömbös. On 25 July 1934 he was shot dead in the Chancellery during an attempted Nazi coup.

Career timeline
  • 1914–1918Serves on the Italian front
  • 1931Minister of agriculture and forestry
  • 1932–1934Federal chancellor
  • 1933Shuts down parliament; Fatherland Front
  • 1934Austrian Civil War; Rome Protocols
  • 1934Assassinated in a Nazi coup

Alois Mock

Alois Mock
Austria state institutions Conservatism and Christian democracy Austria Austrian 1934–2017 ○ Natural causes

An Austrian Europeanist who helped open the Iron Curtain

On 27 June 1989, Mock and Gyula Horn cut the fence near Sopron, making the border opening visible to the world.

Alois Mock was an Austrian People's Party politician who made European integration a central aim of Austrian foreign policy. As foreign minister, he pursued Hungary's border opening and Austria's entry into the European Communities, helping shape Central Europe's reordering at the end of the Cold War. On 27 June 1989, he and Gyula Horn symbolically cut the border fence, creating an international image of the openings that enabled East German escapes and preceded the collapse of the Eastern bloc.

Career timeline
  • 1957Doctor of law, University of Vienna
  • 1961–1966EEC and EFTA adviser in the Federal Chancellery; Austrian OECD mission in Paris
  • 1966–1969Cabinet secretary to Chancellor Josef Klaus
  • 1969–1970Federal minister for education, science, research, arts, culture and sport
  • 1979–1989Federal chairman of the Austrian People's Party
  • 1987–1989Vice Chancellor of Austria
  • 1987–1995Foreign minister of Austria
  • 1990Temporary administrator of defence affairs