People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity(set)
Any Diplomacy and international organization 1 Social movements and organizing 2 Scholarship and theory 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any Comintern 1

All 1 affiliations

International organizations

Comintern 1
Position
Any Non-Bolshevik socialists 1 Marxism and communism 1
Citizenship(set)
Any Soviet Union 205 Russia 39 France 23 Poland 18 Germany 13 Hungary 11 United States 6 Estonia 5 United Kingdom 5 China 4 Czechoslovakia 4 Romania 4 Belarus 3 Spain 3 Trinidad and Tobago 3 Albania 2 Czechia 2 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 2 Finland 2 Greece 2 Korea 2 South Africa 2 Switzerland 2 Austria 1 Brazil 1 Bulgaria 1 Chile 1 East Germany 1 El Salvador 1 India 1 Latvia 1 Lithuania 1 Madagascar 1 Vietnam 1 Yugoslavia 1
Background
Any Switzerland 2
Era
Any

People of the wider world

The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 2
Social movements and organizing Citizenship: Switzerland Clear all

Robert Grimm

Robert Grimm
Non-Bolshevik socialists Switzerland Switzerland 1881–1958 ○ Natural causes

Swiss socialist who organised the Zimmerwald anti-war conference of 1915 and chaired the International Socialist Commission

In 1918 he founded and chaired the Olten Action Committee and led the general strike. A military tribunal sentenced him to six months in prison for urging soldiers to refuse orders to fire on strikers.

A printer who became a young leader of the Swiss Social Democratic left, he opposed the war. With the Italian Socialist Party he prepared an anti-war conference independent of the International Socialist Bureau, organised the Zimmerwald conference of September 1915 and chaired the movement’s International Socialist Commission from 1915 to 1917. He had to step down in 1917 over the Grimm–Hoffmann affair, an attempt to broker a German–Russian peace with the Swiss foreign minister. He led the Swiss general strike of November 1918, was jailed, and later served in the Bern cantonal government and the federal parliament.

Career timeline
  • 1906–1909Worked as a local labour secretary in Basel.
  • 1911–1955Served in the National Council, with a brief interruption in 1919–1920.
  • 1915–1917Chaired the International Socialist Commission of the Zimmerwald movement.
  • 1918–1938Served in the government of the city of Bern.
  • 1938–1946Served in the cantonal government of Bern.

Fritz Platten

Fritz Platten
Independent activity Communism Switzerland Switzerland 1883–1942 ✕ Shot

Swiss communist who organised Lenin’s sealed-train journey in 1917 and sat on the Comintern’s founding presidium

He organised Lenin’s party’s passage through Germany in 1917 and represented the Swiss communists at the Comintern’s founding congress in 1919.

From St. Gallen, he worked on the left of the Swiss Social Democrats and joined the Zimmerwald movement. After the February Revolution of 1917 he was the chief organiser of the sealed-train journey that took Lenin’s party from Switzerland across Germany back to Russia. At the Comintern’s founding congress in 1919 he represented the Swiss communists and sat on the presidium, and he helped found the Communist Party of Switzerland. A member of the National Council from 1917 to 1922, he later moved to the Soviet Union, was arrested in the purges in 1938 and was shot in a camp in 1942; he was rehabilitated in 1956.

Career timeline
  • 1917Organised Lenin’s party’s return from Switzerland to Russia via Germany.
  • 1919Represented the Swiss communists at the Comintern’s founding congress.
  • 1923Began working for International Workers’ Aid and chaired an agricultural cooperative in the Soviet Volga region.
  • 1938Arrested in the Soviet Union and sentenced to hard labour.