People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity(set)
Any Political and party leadership 17 Government and administration 12 Legislature and state representation 1 Monarchs and royalty 5 Military command 19 Security, intelligence and policing 1 Diplomacy and international organization 1 Economy, finance and planning 1 Social movements and organizing 7 Literature and arts 2 Religion 2
Affiliation

Most people

Any French First Republic state institutions 1 Jacobin Club 1

All 2 affiliations

France

French First Republic state institutions 1 Jacobin Club 1
Position
Any Jacobins and French revolutionary radicals 1
Citizenship
Any France 2
Background
Any France 2
Era(set)
Any

People of the Soviet Union

The old regime and its challengers1905–1917 10 The revolutionary generation1917–1940 38 People of the Stalin era1929–1953 26 People of the thaw and the stagnation1953–1985 17 The last generation1985–1991 10

People of the Chinese revolution and the People’s Republic

The Chinese revolutionary generation1911–1949 3

People of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era

The Revolution and the Napoleonic era1774–1830 2

People of the wider world

The age of the Internationals and empires1820–1917 3 The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 11 The Cold War and decolonization1945–현재 18 Scholars of this history1892–현재 3
Literature and arts The Revolution and the Napoleonic era 1774–1830 Clear all

Olympe de Gouges

Olympe de Gouges
Independent activity France France 1748–1793

Writer who demanded women’s civil and political rights

She demanded abolition of slavery and the death penalty, and her 1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman claimed voting rights and legal equality for women. The Revolutionary Tribunal condemned her to death in 1793.

Born Marie Gouze, she was a French playwright and political writer. She criticized slavery and in her 1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen demanded legal equality, public speech and political participation for women. The declaration challenged exclusions in existing declarations; it was not enacted legislation. She opposed revolutionary violence and the power of the Montagnards, and was sentenced to death by the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed in 1793.

Career timeline
  • 1765Married Louis-Yves Aubry, a caterer in Montauban, in a marriage the chronology describes as forced
  • 1766Her son Pierre Aubry was born; after her husband's death soon after, she took the name Olympe de Gouges
  • 1770Moved to Paris, completed her education, and frequented literary salons
  • 1784Published the autobiographical 'Mémoire de Madame de Valmont'
  • 1785Her slavery-critical play 'Zamore et Mirza' entered the Comédie française repertoire but was not performed
  • 1788Published 'Lettre au peuple', advocating free expression, divorce, sex equality, and abolition of slavery and the death penalty
  • 1789Intervened in the revolutionary debates with posters and pamphlets
  • 1791Published 'Les Droits de la femme' containing the Declaration of the Rights of Woman; the Legislative Assembly refused to examine it
  • 1792After the fall of the monarchy she joined the moderate Girondins, opposed the Terror, and attacked Robespierre
  • 1793Imprisoned in July for writings considered counter-revolutionary; the Revolutionary Tribunal condemned her to death in November

Jacques-Louis David

Jacques-Louis David
French First Republic state institutions Jacobins and French revolutionary radicals France France 1748–1825 ○ Died in Brussels

Neoclassical painter of the French Revolution

His Death of Marat, depicting his friend Jean-Paul Marat after Charlotte Corday assassinated him on 13 July 1793, became a leading image of the Revolution. After Napoleon's fall the painting long disappeared from public view before its rediscovery.

French painter born in Paris in 1748 and died in Brussels in 1825. He was the preeminent Neoclassical painter of his era, winning fame in the 1780s with The Oath of the Horatii, and an active supporter of the French Revolution and friend of Robespierre as a member of the Jacobin Club. As a deputy to the National Convention he voted for the execution of Louis XVI, and as a member of the Committee of General Security he took part in the Reign of Terror. After Robespierre's fall he was imprisoned twice in 1794 and 1795, then released. After the Empire was proclaimed in 1804 he became Napoleon's court painter and painted The Coronation of Napoleon. After Napoleon's fall in 1815 he lived in exile in Brussels, where he died. His pupils included Girodet, Gérard, Gros and Ingres.

Career timeline
  • 1784Won fame with The Oath of the Horatii
  • 1789–1794Supported the Revolution; deputy to the National Convention and member of the Committee of General Security
  • 1794–1795Imprisoned twice after Robespierre's fall
  • 1804Napoleon's court painter
  • 1815–1825Exile in Brussels, where he died