Socialist-bloc reform leader · The last generation 1985–1991 — People | Cyber-Lenin

Socialist-bloc reform leader The last generation 1985–1991 Clear all

26 people

By birth A–Z List Cards

Viktor Vladimirovich Dementsev Виктор Владимирович Деменцев A fiscal realist who warned against abrupt prohibition Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union state institutions 1918–2010
Georgy Khosroevich Shakhnazarov Георгий Хосроевич Шахназаров Founder of Soviet political science and brains of perestroika's political reform Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1924–2001
Tatyana Ivanovna Zaslavskaya Татьяна Ивановна Заславская Founder of Soviet economic sociology; her 1983 report lit the intellectual fuse of perestroika Scholarship and theory · Soviet Union state institutions 1927–2013
Ivan Timofeyevich Frolov Иван Тимофеевич Фролов The philosopher who gave perestroika its humanist foundations: from defending genetics to founding the science of Man Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1929–1999
Leonid Ivanovich Abalkin Леонид Иванович Абалкин Chief economic theorist of late perestroika, architect of the 'regulated market' between radical reformers and conservative planners Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union state institutions 1930–2011
Endel Teodorovich Lippmaa Endel Teodorovich Lippmaa The Estonian scientist who blocked phosphorite mining from inside the system Science and technology · Estonia state institutions 1930–2015
Vaino Iosipovich Väljas Vaino Väljas Recalled from Nicaragua in June 1988, he led Estonia's Communists through the sovereignty declaration, the first breach in the Soviet wall. Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1931–2024
Abel Gezevich Aganbegyan Абел Гезевич Аганбегян Gorbachev's chief economic adviser and the market-reform architect of perestroika Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1932–
Algirdas Brazauskas Algirdas Brazauskas The communist who split his party from Moscow and became independent Lithuania's first president Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1932–2010
Arnold Vasilyevich Voylukov Арнольд Васильевич Войлуков The Soviet banker who testified about reform's hidden origins Economy, finance and planning · Russian Federation state institutions 1932–2016
Stanislav Sergeyevich Shatalin Станислав Сергеевич Шаталин Architect of the 500 Days programme, radical reform economist who tried to convert the Soviet planned economy to the market in one leap Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1934–1997
Yuri Nikolayevich Afanasyev Юрий Николаевич Афанасьев The historian who called the conservative majority 'aggressively obedient' Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1934–2015
Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov Гавриил Харитонович Попов Moscow's first elected mayor, who told the U.S. ambassador of the coming coup Government and administration · Russian Federation state institutions 1936–
Anatoly Aleksandrovich Sobchak Анатолий Александрович Собчак Constitutional Assembly chairman and first elected mayor of Saint Petersburg Government and administration · Russian Federation state institutions 1937–2000
Abulfaz Gadirgulu oghlu Elchibey Əbülfəz Qədirqulu oğlu Elçibəy The pan-Turkist dissident who became Azerbaijan's first democratically elected president Political and party leadership · Azerbaijan state institutions 1938–2000
Zviad Konstantinovich Gamsakhurdia ზვიად კონსტანტინეს ძე გამსახურდია The nationalist dissident who became Georgia's first democratically elected president Political and party leadership 1939–1993
Romualdas Ozolas Romualdas Ozolas The Sąjūdis philosopher who launched the 2-million-signature campaign demanding Red Army withdrawal Political and party leadership · Sąjūdis (Reform Movement of Lithuania) 1939–2015
Marju Lauristin Marju Lauristin Sociologist raised within the Soviet system who became an intellectual pillar of the Baltic independence movement Social movements and organizing · Popular Front of Estonia (Rahvarinne) 1940–
Alexei Ivanovich Kazannik Алексей Иванович Казанник The law professor who surrendered his Supreme Soviet seat to Yeltsin in a moment that captivated the nation Law and justice 1941–2019
Kazimiera Danutė Prunskienė Kazimira Danutė Prunskienė She tried to negotiate independence through pragmatism; her resignation removed the last obstacle to the military option Government and administration · Lithuania state institutions 1943–2026
Gennady Eduardovich Burbulis Геннадий Эдуардович Бурбулис The philosopher who proposed the one sentence that declared the Soviet Union dead at Belovezh Government and administration · Russian Federation state institutions 1945–2022
Alexander Vladimirovich Rutskoy Александр Владимирович Руцкой Russia's only vice president: stood with Yeltsin against the coup, then fell to Yeltsin's tanks Military command · Soviet Union state institutions 1947–
Grigory Alekseyevich Yavlinsky Григорий Алексеевич Явлинский Architect of the 500 Days Program: perestroika economist who drafted a rapid transition from planned economy to market Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 1952–
Dainis Īvāns Dainis Īvāns The journalist who saved the Daugava River and led the Latvian Popular Front Political and party leadership · Popular Front of Latvia 1955–
Heiki Ahonen Heiki Ahonen Estonian former political prisoner who survived the Soviet camps and co-organized the first open rally of the Baltic independence movement Social movements and organizing 1956–
Yegor Timurovich Gaidar Егор Тимурович Гайдар Architect of shock therapy, the economist who dismantled the planned economy and laid the first stones of Russian capitalism Economy, finance and planning · Russian Federation state institutions 1956–2009