People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity
Any Political and party leadership 2 Government and administration 1 Military command 1 Diplomacy and international organization 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any Georgia state institutionsstate 2 Mensheviks (RSDLP) 2 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) 2 Russian White movement 1

All 4 affiliations

Georgia

Georgia state institutionsstate 2

Russia

Russian White movement 1 Mensheviks (RSDLP) 2 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) 2
Position
Any Counter-revolutionary forces 1 Non-Bolshevik socialists 2 Fascists and Nazis 1
Citizenship
Any Georgia 2 Russia 1
Background(set)
Any Germany 74 Hungary 48 France 44 United States 32 United Kingdom 26 Japan 22 Finland 21 Poland 16 Spain 16 Italy 13 Greece 11 Russia 11 Ukraine 8 Estonia 7 Latvia 7 Lithuania 7 Belarus 6 Mongolia 5 Romania 5 Austria 4 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 4 Moldova 4 Serbia 4 Turkey 4 Georgia 3 Korea 3 South Africa 3 Switzerland 3 Albania 2 Armenia 2 Bulgaria 2 Croatia 2 Czechia 2 Czechoslovakia 2 India 2 Montenegro 2 Netherlands 2 Uzbekistan 2 Azerbaijan 1 Belgium 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 Brazil 1 Chile 1 Cuba 1 Egypt 1 El Salvador 1 Indonesia 1 Iran 1 Ireland 1 New Zealand 1 Nicaragua 1 Palestine 1 Peru 1 Sweden 1 Trinidad and Tobago 1 Turkmenistan 1
Era(set)
Any

People of the Soviet Union

The old regime and its challengers1905–1917 3 The revolutionary generation1917–1940 8 People of the Stalin era1929–1953 15 People of the thaw and the stagnation1953–1985 7 The last generation1985–1991 6

People of the wider world

The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 3
Background: Georgia The revolutionary wave and the world war 1917–1945 Clear all

Noe Zhordania

ნოე ჟორდანია
Georgia state institutions Non-Bolshevik socialists Georgia Georgia 1868–1953 → Died in exile

Leader of the Georgian Mensheviks who headed the government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1918–1921

Born in Guria, western Georgia, in 1868, he took up Marxism at the Warsaw Veterinary Institute and in the 1890s led Mesame Dasi, Georgia’s first legal Marxist organization. He sided with the Mensheviks in 1903 and sat in the First State Duma in 1906. In 1917 he chaired the Tbilisi Soviet and the National Council of Georgia; in May 1918 he headed the session that declared independence, and from July he led the government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia, carrying out land reform and social legislation. After the Red Army invasion of 1921 he went into exile in France, led the government-in-exile and died near Paris in 1953.

Career timeline
  • 1890sLeader of Mesame Dasi
  • 1906Member of the First State Duma
  • 1917Chairman of the Tbilisi Soviet and of the National Council of Georgia
  • 1918–1921Head of the government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia
  • 1921–1953Head of the government-in-exile in France

Pavel Bermondt-Avalov

Павел Бермондт-Авалов
Russian White movement Fascists and Nazis Russia Sources disagree on his background. Through his mother and adoptive father a Georgian princely line from Kakheti, the Avalishvili, is reported, while records name the Karaite Rafail Bermondt as his father. He is understood to have a mixed Georgian and Karaite background. 1877–1973 ○ Died

Commander of the West Russian Volunteer Army who led German Freikorps against Riga

Refusing Yudenich's order to join the Narva front, in October 1919 he proclaimed himself 'representative of Russian state power' and marched on Riga.

A Russian cavalry officer who styled himself 'Prince Avalov', he gathered tens of thousands of German Freikorps men who refused to leave Latvia into the West Russian Volunteer Army and attacked Riga in October 1919, only to be repelled. In exile he led a Russian fascist organization in Berlin and died in New York in 1973.

Career timeline
  • 1901Enlisted as kapellmeister in the 1st Argun Regiment
  • 1904–1905Fought in the Russo-Japanese War; awarded the Cross of St George
  • 1918Head of recruitment and counterintelligence, Southern Army, Kiev
  • 1919.04Formed a volunteer detachment at the Salzvedel POW camp
  • 1919.07Formed the Count Keller detachment at Mitava
  • 1919.09Proclaimed himself CinC of the West Russian Volunteer Army; marched on Riga in October
  • 1925Published memoirs 'In the Struggle against Bolshevism'
  • 1933Founded the Russian National-Socialist Movement (ROND)

Evgeni Gegechkori

ევგენი გეგეჭკორი
Georgia state institutions Non-Bolshevik socialists Georgia Georgia 1881–1954 → Died in exile

Menshevik politician who chaired the Transcaucasian Commissariat and became foreign minister of the Democratic Republic of Georgia

Born to a noble family in Martvili in 1881, he joined the Social Democratic movement as a student at Moscow University, became a Menshevik and sat in the Third State Duma from 1907 to 1912. From November 1917 to March 1918 he chaired the Transcaucasian Commissariat, then served as minister of war under the Transcaucasian Sejm. He signed the Georgian declaration of independence in May 1918 and was foreign minister, justice minister and deputy head of government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia. He left for France in March 1921 and from 1953 until his death in Paris in 1954 headed the government in exile.

Career timeline
  • 1907–1912Member of the Third State Duma
  • 1917Russian Provisional Government commissar for western Georgia
  • 1917–1918Chairman of the Transcaucasian Commissariat
  • 1918–1921Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of Georgia
  • 1953–1954Head of the Georgian government in exile