Beer Hall Putsch
맥주홀 폭동
The failed coup d’état led by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, General Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich on 8–9 November 1923. Inspired by Mussolini’s March on Rome, Hitler aimed to use Munich as a base for a march on Berlin.
In depth
On the evening of 8 November Hitler and some 600 SA men surrounded the Bürgerbräukeller, where the Bavarian state commissioner Gustav von Kahr was speaking; Hitler fired into the ceiling and proclaimed the “national revolution”. The next day about two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle and clashed with a police cordon; fifteen Nazis (a sixteenth died later), four police officers and a bystander were killed. Göring, wounded, fled to Austria. Hitler turned his treason trial into a propaganda stage, received five years and served nine months in Landsberg, where he dictated Mein Kampf. Röhm, Hess, Himmler, Frank, Strasser, Frick, Heines, Streicher and the Bund Oberland took part.