Provisional National Government (Hungary, 1944)
임시정부 (1944년 헝가리)
Hungary’s Provisional National Government, formed on 22 December 1944 in Red Army-occupied Debrecen with Béla Miklós as prime minister. It signed the armistice with the Soviet Union in January 1945, decreed land reform in March and ended its mandate on 15 November 1945, when Zoltán Tildy’s government took office.
In depth
The Provisional National Assembly in Debrecen was made up of delegates of the national committees in the liberated areas, and the government’s composition was fixed by an agreement among the parties of the Hungarian National Independence Front approved in Moscow. To split the Hungarian forces still fighting on the German side under Szálasi, three generals who had obeyed Horthy’s armistice call in October entered the cabinet: the prime minister Béla Miklós, the former chief of the general staff János Vörös and the former gendarmerie inspector Gábor Faragho. The interior ministry went to Ferenc Erdei of the National Peasant Party and agriculture to the Communist Imre Nagy.
Under the armistice of 20 January 1945 Hungary declared war on Germany and undertook to pay $300 million in reparations within six years. The government set up the people’s tribunals, dissolved pro-German organisations and parties and decreed a land reform dividing estates of over 100 hold. In spring it moved to Budapest, and in the autumn it held the parliamentary election.