Tanganyika African National Union (TANU)
탕가니카 아프리카 민족연합
A Tanganyikan nationalist party founded on 7 July 1954 by transforming the Tanganyika African Association, with Julius Nyerere as its first chairman. It won every election under colonial rule and led the country to independence in 1961, becoming the sole party under the 1962 constitution. In 1977 it merged with the Afro-Shirazi Party of Zanzibar to form Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM).
In depth
According to the Swahili source, TANU was formed on 7 July 1954 from the Tanganyika African Association (TAA), which had been more cultural than political, and its first chairman was Julius Kambarage Nyerere. Nyerere had been elected president of the TAA in 1953, and on 10 October 1953 Nyerere, Abdulwahid Sykes, Ally Sykes, Dossa Aziz and John Rupia met to discuss turning the TAA into a full political party. At the founding Nyerere received TANU membership card No. 1. The English source lists seventeen founders.
TANU won every election under colonial rule and became the party leading Tanganyika until independence in 1961. The 1962 constitution made TANU the sole party, following the one-party model of socialist countries. According to the English source the party was called the Tanzania African National Union from 1964, and its policy was to build a self-reliant socialist state with the major means of production and exchange under the control of peasants and workers (Ujamaa; the Arusha Declaration).
On 5 February 1977 TANU merged with the Afro-Shirazi Party, the ruling party of Zanzibar, to form the present Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM).