People
Political and party leadership
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
The revolutionary wave and the world war 1917–1945
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GlossarySocial Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
- Carl Legien Carl Legien German trade-union leader who signed the 1918 agreement with Stinnes and met the Kapp Putsch of 1920 with a general strike
- Hugo Haase Hugo Haase Lawyer who founded the USPD against the war and co-chaired the Council of People’s Deputies with Ebert in 1918
- Karl Liebknecht Karl Liebknecht The lone vote against the war; the revolution's first martyr
- Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg “Freedom is always the freedom of the one who thinks differently”
- Friedrich Ebert Friedrich Ebert SPD leader who headed the revolutionary government of 1918, steered the councils into parliamentary democracy and became the first president
- Arthur Crispien Arthur Crispien German social-democratic politician and co-chair of the Independent Social Democratic Party.
- Hermann Müller Hermann Müller A Social Democratic politician of the Weimar Republic who served twice as chancellor.
- Heinrich Brandler Heinrich Brandler KPD chairman who called off a revolution; co-founder of the International Right Opposition
- Paul Levi Paul Levi From Rosa Luxemburg's lawyer to KPD leader, his 'anti-putschism' took on Comintern adventurism
- August Thalheimer August Thalheimer Main theorist of the KPD and Bonapartist analyst of fascism
- Ernst Thälmann Ernst Thälmann Hitler's personal prisoner, unbroken by eleven years in solitary