R-7 Semyorka
R-7 (세묘르카)
The world's first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) and the Soviet two-stage liquid-fuel rocket that achieved humanity's first satellite and first crewed spaceflight. It completed its first full-range flight on 21 August 1957, and though quickly obsolete as a weapon, it became the ancestor of the most-launched rocket family in history, Sputnik, Vostok, and Soyuz, with over 2,000 flights. Its distinctive clustered design, a central core with four strap-on boosters, was developed at Korolev's OKB-1; modernised Soyuz variants still carry crews and cargo to the International Space Station today.
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- Wikipedia (EN) world's first ICBM, developed by OKB-1 under Korolev; 28 launches 1957–1961; R-7A operational 1960–1968; basis for Sputnik, Vostok, Voskhod, Soyuz; most launched rocket family with over 2,000 flights
- Wikipedia (RU) Р-7 (разг. «Семёрка», индекс ГРАУ 8К71), двухступенчатая МБР; первый успешный пуск 21 августа 1957 года; на основе создано самое многочисленное семейство ракет космического назначения
- russianspaceweb.com first launched 1957, the R-7 was the biggest leap in world's rocketry since the German A-4; obsolete as weapon before flying but still serving Russian space program more than half a century later; Soyuz variants remain the only vehicles delivering Russian manned spacecraft into orbit