Reign of Terror (French Revolution)
공포정치 (프랑스 혁명)
The period of emergency rule in the French Revolution, from 1793 to Thermidor in July 1794, when the National Convention and its committees, citing war and civil war, widened the detention of suspects and summary trials and executions by the Revolutionary Tribunal. Its start is often dated to 5 September 1793, when terror was placed "on the order of the day", but historians differ.
In depth
Its main legal instruments were the Law of Suspects of 17 September 1793 and the Law of 22 Prairial of 10 June 1794, which set death as the sole penalty for enemies of the people. In the forty-seven days of the Great Terror between 22 Prairial and Robespierre's fall, 1,376 people were executed in Paris. Some 16,594 official death sentences were passed across France from June 1793, and an estimated ten to twenty thousand people were executed without trial or died in prison. It ended with Robespierre's arrest on 27 July 1794 (9 Thermidor) and his execution the next day. The very word "Terreur" for the period was coined and popularised in the Thermidorian reaction to condemn it, so the name itself carries a later judgement.