Peasant revolutionary who built the north-east Jiangxi base and was executed after opening the way for the Long March
Born into a poor peasant family in Yiyang County, Jiangxi, he opened the Nanchang Culture Book Society in 1922 to sell Marxist texts, joined the CCP in 1924 and built up the labour movement and party organisation in Nanchang. Back in Jiangxi after 1927 he organised peasants and led armed risings, and from 1928 to 1933 built a base on the Jiangxi–Fujian border through guerrilla war and land reform and organised a section of the Red Army. In 1930 he founded the Workers' and Peasants' Newspaper, which in 1932 became the organ of the Fujian–Zhejiang–Jiangxi Soviet Government. He was elected to the Central Committee. In 1934 he broke through the blockade in a diversion to cover the breakout from Jiangxi, but his force was destroyed; captured by the Nationalists in January 1935, he was executed on 6 August.
Also known as: Fang Chih-min
Activities and affiliations
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1924–1935
Military command
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1928–1935
Chinese Communist revolutionary forces (before 1949)Main
Military command
Career Timeline
- 1922Opens the Nanchang Culture Book Society
- 1924Joins the CCP
- 1928–1933Builds the Jiangxi–Fujian border base and a Red Army force
- 1932His newspaper becomes the organ of the Fujian–Zhejiang–Jiangxi Soviet
- 1934Breaks through the blockade in a diversion; force destroyed
- 1935Captured and executed