President of the European Central Bank whose 2012 pledge to do "whatever it takes" calmed the bond markets

An economist born in Rome, Draghi worked at the World Bank in the 1980s, was director general of the Italian Treasury from 1991 to 2001, and from 2002 vice chairman of Goldman Sachs International. He became governor of the Bank of Italy in 2006 and on 1 November 2011 succeeded Jean-Claude Trichet as President of the European Central Bank. He opened three-year cheap loans to the banks, and after declaring in London on 26 July 2012 that the ECB was "ready to do whatever it takes to preserve the euro" introduced Outright Monetary Transactions in September. He served until 2019 and was Prime Minister of Italy in 2021–2022.

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