Labour organiser who led the 1889 London dock strike and went from syndicalism to the founding of the British Communist Party

Born in Coventry in 1856, he was, with John Burns and Ben Tillett, one of the leading figures of the London dock strike of 1889. A founding member of the Independent Labour Party in 1894, he became its secretary, and at the London congress of 1896 he joined Keir Hardie in supporting the admission of anarchists. He later founded the Industrial Syndicalist Education League, and in 1920 helped form the Communist Party of Great Britain, of which he remained a member until his death. He died at Grassington in 1941.

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