Interior commissar of Soviet Lithuania, a Lithuanian communist leader killed in the Great Terror

He urged that Lithuania remain an independent state, yet imagined that independence as socialist.

A Lithuanian communist leader, he was commissar for internal affairs of Soviet Lithuania and Litbel in 1918 and 1919. In exile he worked in the Comintern and wrote the history of the Lithuanian labour movement; arrested in 1938, he was shot in 1940.

Activities and affiliations

Career Timeline

Related historical events

Revolution and independence wars

Zigmas Aleksa-Angarietis, a Social Democrat trained at the Warsaw veterinary institute, was arrested in 1909, served Siberian exile and in 1917 organized the Lithuanian section of the Bolsheviks in Petrograd. In December 1918 he became commissar for internal affairs in Kapsukas's Soviet government of Lithuania and in 1919 joined the Litbel government. After the defeat he led the Lithuanian party's leadership abroad from Soviet Russia, sat on the Comintern executive and its International Control Commission and wrote several volumes on the history of the Lithuanian labour movement. Sidelined in the party after a line dispute with Kapsukas, he was arrested in 1938 and shot in Moscow in May 1940.