People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity(set)
Any Political and party leadership 2 Government and administration 2 Security, intelligence and policing 1 Social movements and organizing 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any

All 0 affiliations

Position
Any National liberation and anti-colonial movements 1 Liberalism and republicanism 1
Citizenship(set)
Any Soviet Union 193 China 40 Germany 39 France 38 Russia 38 Hungary 32 Poland 24 East Germany 15 Czechoslovakia 13 United Kingdom 12 Italy 11 United States 11 Romania 10 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 9 Spain 8 Bulgaria 7 Cambodia 7 Estonia 7 Mongolia 6 Yugoslavia 6 Angola 5 Vietnam 5 Yemen 5 Afghanistan 4 Azerbaijan 4 Cuba 4 Finland 4 Georgia 4 Turkey 4 Albania 3 Congo - Brazzaville 3 Czechia 3 Japan 3 Laos 3 Latvia 3 Lithuania 3 Austria 2 Belarus 2 Ethiopia 2 Greece 2 India 2 Indonesia 2 Korea 2 Madagascar 2 Moldova 2 Mozambique 2 Portugal 2 South Africa 2 Ukraine 2 Argentina 1 Belgium 1 Brazil 1 Chile 1 DR Congo 1 Egypt 1 Ghana 1 Grenada 1 Iran 1 Kazakhstan 1 Kyrgyzstan 1 Netherlands 1 Peru 1 Tanzania 1 Turkmenistan 1 Uzbekistan 1
Background
Any Madagascar 2
Era
Any

People of the wider world

The Cold War and decolonization1945–현재 2
Political and party leadership Citizenship: Madagascar Clear all

Monja Jaona

Monja Jaona
National liberation and anti-colonial movements Madagascar Madagascar 1910–1994 ○ Natural death

Southern nationalist who joined the revolutionary front, then walked out over fraudulent elections

Denouncing the rigged vote, he declared "the Malagasy people had not elected Ratsiraka for the next seven years."

A Malagasy nationalist politician from the Antandroy people of the south. After organizing the secret Jiny society and surviving imprisonment for his role in the 1947 uprising, he founded MONIMA in 1958 to champion Madagascar's poor southern peasants against Tsiranana's pro-French regime, leading the 1971-72 rotaka protests that drove him from power. Joining Ratsiraka's revolutionary front, he later denounced the 1977 elections as fraudulent and withdrew, becoming the Second Republic's foremost opposition leader.

Career timeline
  • 1943organized the secret society Jiny
  • 1946–1950imprisoned by the colonial administration for Jiny affiliation
  • 1958founded MONIMA (Madagascar for the Malagasy)
  • 1959–1961mayor of Toliara
  • 1971–1972led the rotaka protests that drove President Tsiranana from power
  • 1976–1977joined the FNDR (December 1976), then denounced the 1977 elections as fraudulent and withdrew in June
  • 1982ran against Ratsiraka, denounced fraud, placed under house arrest
  • 1989–1992leading figure in the protests that forced Ratsiraka's resignation and multiparty elections

Manandafy Rakotonirina

Manandafy Rakotonirina
Liberalism and republicanism Madagascar Malagasy (Betsileo) 1938–2019 ○ Natural death

Founder of the MFM, the left party of the 1972 student-revolution generation

As the MFM was at last admitted to the front, Ratsiraka declared, 'There is no longer any reason to exclude the MFM.'

A sociology professor at Madagascar's agricultural college, Rakotonirina entered politics through Monja Jaona's MONIMA and helped organize the May 1972 protests that brought down the Tsiranana regime. In December 1972 he founded the Maoist left party MFM (Militants for Power to the Little People), which championed the poor, peasants and slave-descendants; after Ratsiraka dissolved the party and placed him under house arrest in 1976, he brought the MFM into the FNDR the following year and as head of the CSR's economic commission managed the nationalized enterprises. He later turned to liberalism, led the 1991 pro-democracy movement, and in 2009 was arrested as the prime minister named by the exiled president.

Career timeline
  • 1966Joined MONIMA
  • 1968Head of MONIMA's Antananarivo section
  • 1972Founded the MFM (27 December)
  • 1977–1989CSR member, head of the economic commission
  • 1989Second in presidential election (~20%)
  • 1991–1993Co-president of the transitional recovery committee
  • 1993–1998Member of the National Assembly (Manandriana)
  • 2009Prime minister named by the exiled president