Bloody Sunday
피의 일요일
On January 9 (O.S.), 1905, tens of thousands of workers and their families, led by Father Georgy Gapon, marched peacefully to the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II; Imperial Guards opened fire, killing hundreds. The massacre shattered the myth of the 'Tsar as father of the people' and sparked nationwide strikes, serving as the immediate trigger for the Revolution of 1905. It marked the moment the Russian working class shed its faith in the tsarist autocracy and turned toward organized political struggle.
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Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) Detailed account of the massacre, casualties, Gapon's role, and the petition; context of the Putilov strike and march routes.
- Wikipedia (RU) Russian Wikipedia article covering the Putilov incident, Gapon's Assembly, and the unfolding of the shootings.
- worldhistory.org Narrative of Bloody Sunday including Gapon's petition demands, the march, the firing on crowds, and its role in triggering the 1905 Revolution.