Falange Española (1933–1937)
팔랑헤 에스파뇰라 (1933–1937)
The Spanish fascist party Falange Española, founded by José Antonio Primo de Rivera in 1933, and the Falange Española de las JONS formed by its merger with the Councils of the National Syndicalist Offensive in 1934. During the Civil War, in April 1937, Franco forcibly merged it with the Traditionalists into the FET y de las JONS.
In depth
José Antonio, son of the dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera, founded it in October 1933, and in 1934 it merged with the JONS of Ramiro Ledesma and Onésimo Redondo. It was the main national-syndicalist group under the Second Republic but won few votes in the 1936 election. Tit-for-tat killings between its members and the left followed, and José Antonio was arrested in March 1936. Its membership soared after the military rising of July, but José Antonio was executed in Alicante prison in November after sentence by a Republican court. Franco’s Unification Decree of April 1937 ended the Falange as an independent party.