Operation Anadyr
아나디르 작전
The code name for the 1962 Soviet General Staff operation that secretly deployed nuclear ballistic missiles, tactical nuclear weapons, bombers, and over 50,000 mechanized infantry troops to Cuba. The name itself was part of the deception (borrowed from a river, town, and bomber base in the Soviet Far East to mislead both intelligence analysts and rank-and-file soldiers) while troops were issued ski boots and parkas, loaded only at night, and ship captains learned their destination only after putting to sea. The operation triggered the Cuban Missile Crisis and remains the largest strategic deception (maskirovka) of the Cold War.
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Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) code name, scale (50,874 troops, R-12/R-14 missiles, FKR-1 cruise missiles), deception measures (false name, winter gear, night loading, sealed orders)
- Wikipedia (RU) Russian-language article confirming code name, leadership (Bagamyan, Ivanov, Gribkov, Pliyev), political context, and nuclear arsenal deployed
- large.stanford.edu Stanford coursework citing Gribkov/Smith memoir: only five officers knew the plan, handwritten to avoid leaks, 86 transport ships, misdirection through the Arctic name