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People of the Revolution and the USSR
Activity
Affiliation
Position
Citizenship(set)
Background(set)
Era
People of the Soviet Union
People of the wider world
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Nikolai Alexandrovich Berdyaev Николай Александрович Бердяев
A Russian thinker who left Marxism to found a Christian existentialist philosophy of freedom
Scholarship and theory
1874–1948
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Nikolai Aleksandrovich Semashko Николай Александрович Семашко
Founder of Soviet public health who designed free universal healthcare (the 'Semashko model')
Science and technology · Soviet Union
1874–1949
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Mikhail Fyodorovich Vladimirsky Михаил Фёдорович Владимирский
Old Bolshevik who watched over the Party's books for a quarter-century
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1874–1951
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Yevgeny Viktorovich Tarle Евгений Викторович Тарле
Historian of Napoleon who won world renown, survived Academic Case exile, and returned under Stalin's personal protection
Scholarship and theory
1874–1955
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Pyotr Ioakimovich Palchinsky Пётр Иоакимович Пальчинский
The Provisional Government's last technocrat who directed the defense of the Winter Palace
Science and technology
1875–1929
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Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky Анатолий Васильевич Луначарский
Russian revolutionary, first People's Commissar of Enlightenment, and literary critic
Education · Soviet Union
1875–1933
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Ivan Gavrilovich Alexandrov Иван Гаврилович Александров
A technical planner who linked electrification to regional development
Science and technology
1875–1936
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Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin Михаил Иванович Калинин
The long-serving formal head of state
Legislature and state representation · Soviet Union
1875–1946
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Vasily Nikolayevich Kayurov Василий Николаевич Каюров
Vyborg Bolshevik organizer who turned the Women's Day protest into the February Revolution
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1876–1936
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Vladimir Ivanovich Nevsky Владимир Иванович Невский
The revolutionary-historian who seized the railways in October and wrote the party's history
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Union
1876–1937
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Filipp Isayevich Goloshchyokin Филипп Исаевич Голощёкин
The revolutionary who led Kazakhstan's 'Little October'
Political and party leadership · Soviet Union
1876–1941
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Nikolai Nilovich Burdenko Николай Нилович Бурденко
Founder of Soviet neurosurgery and Chief Surgeon of the Red Army
Science and technology · Soviet Union
1876–1946
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Avel Safronovich Yenukidze Авель Сафронович Енукидзе
Stalin's close friend and the 17-year organizational backbone of the Soviet state, the first fall that opened the Great Purge
Legislature and state representation · Soviet Union
1877–1937
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Nikolai Ivanovich Muralov Николай Иванович Муралов
The revolutionary soldier who founded Post No. 1 at Lenin's Mausoleum
Military command · Soviet Union
1877–1937
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Alexander Petrovich Smirnov Александр Петрович Смирнов
The peasant's son who ran the Krestintern and rose from NEP agriculture to the party Secretariat
Agriculture and land policy · Soviet Union
1877–1938
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Boris Aleksandrovich Engelhardt Борис Александрович Энгельгардт
Headed the Duma Military Commission whose order sending the garrison back to barracks triggered Order No. 1
Military command · Russian Empire
1877–1962
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Stanislav Gustavovich Strumilin Станислав Густавович Струмилин
The economist who designed socialism in numbers
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1877–1974
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Viktor Pavlovich Nogin Виктор Павлович Ногин
First commissar to resign demanding a coalition, buried on Red Square
Political and party leadership · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1878–1924
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Maria Ilyinichna Ulyanova Мария Ильинична Ульянова
Lenin's youngest sister who edited the revolution with a pencil: press organizer in her own right
Ideology and propaganda · Soviet Union
1878–1937
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Alexander Andreyevich Svechin Александр Андреевич Свечин
“The Russian Clausewitz”. Theorist of strategy and operational art
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1938
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Moissei Ilyich Frumkin Моисей Ильич Фрумкин
'The countryside is against us': the deputy finance commissar who said it to the Politburo
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1878–1938
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Nikolai Pavlovich Bryukhanov Николай Павлович Брюханов
The commissar who steered from famine's shadow to NEP finance, then fell under industrialization's demands
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1878–1938
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Yakov Mikhailovich Yurovsky Яков Михайлович Юровский
The Cheka executioner who personally shot the last Tsar
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union
1878–1938
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Mikhail Sergeyevich Kedrov Михаил Сергеевич Кедров
Old Bolshevik who led the Cheka Special Department, building the Red Terror in the North and the earliest Soviet camp system
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union
1878–1941
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Emelyan Mikhailovich Yaroslavsky Емельян Михайлович Ярославский
The Party's Chief Atheist, Called 'the Soviet Priest'
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1943
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Vladimir Viktorovich Adoratsky Владимир Викторович Адоратский
IMEL director and the first Marxist philosopher to publicly anoint Stalin as a theorist
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1945
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Solomon Abramovich Lozovsky Соломон Абрамович Лозовский
The Bolshevik who led the Profintern and was shot with the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
Diplomacy and international organization · Comintern
1878–1952
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Angelica Isaakovna Balabanova Анжелика Исааковна Балабанова
The Comintern's first secretary, who taught Mussolini and branded him traitor
Political and party leadership · Comintern
1878–1965
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Boris Savinkov Борис Савинков
Terrorist, Counter-Revolutionary: the Black Horse of the Revolution
Political and party leadership · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1879–1925
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Leon Davidovich Trotsky Лев Давидович Троцкий
The orator who built the Red Army, felled by an ice axe
Military command · Soviet Union
1879–1940
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Semyon Aronovich Klivansky Семён Аронович Кливанский
Menshevik Bundist intellectual who drafted the core of Order No. 1 among the soldiers
Social movements and organizing · General Jewish Labour Bund
1879 – 1944 이후
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Mikhail Artemyevich Muravyov Михаил Артемьевич Муравьёв
Tsarist officer turned Red commander who took Kyiv, battled in Bessarabia, and rebelled against Brest-Litovsk
Military command · Soviet Union
1880–1918
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Mikhail Pavlovich Tomsky Михаил Павлович Томский
Chief of the Soviet trade unions, third man of the Right Opposition
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1880–1936
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Alexander Mikhailovich Krasnoshchyokov Александр Михайлович Краснощёков
The pragmatic Bolshevik who designed and led the Far Eastern Republic
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1880–1937
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Dmitry Mikhailovich Karbyshev Дмитрий Михайлович Карбышев
The Soviet Union's greatest fortification scientist, who chose martyrdom at Mauthausen over collaboration with the Nazis
Military command · Soviet Union
1880–1945
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Vasily Alekseyevich Degtyaryov Василий Алексеевич Дегтярёв
Founder of Soviet firearms design, creator of the DP-27, DShK, and PTRD
Industry and production · Soviet Union
1880–1949
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Abram Fyodorovich Ioffe Абрам Фёдорович Иоффе
The 'Papa Ioffe' who reared all of Soviet physics
Science and technology · Soviet Union
1880–1960
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Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Karpinsky Вячеслав Алексеевич Карпинский
Lenin's trusted Bolshevik publicist and a 68-year party veteran
Social movements and organizing · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1880–1965
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Serafima Ilyinichna Gopner Серафима Ильинична Гопнер
First woman to lead the Ukrainian Bolshevik party; delegate to all seven Comintern congresses
Diplomacy and international organization · Comintern
1880–1966
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Semyon Ivanovich Aralov Семён Иванович Аралов
Institutional founder of Soviet military intelligence
Military command · Soviet Union
1880–1969
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Ivan Nikitich Smirnov Иван Никитич Смирнов
The Siberian Bolshevik of the Left Opposition
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1881–1936
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Sergey Sergeyevich Kamenev Сергей Сергеевич Каменев
Commander-in-Chief who led the Red Army to victory in the Civil War
Military command · Soviet Union
1881–1936
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Alexei Ivanovich Rykov Алексей Иванович Рыков
Lenin’s successor as premier, destroyed as the Right Opposition
Government and administration · Soviet Union
1881–1938
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Platon Mikhailovich Kerzhentsev Платон Михайлович Керженцев
Proletkult theorist who became architect of Stalin-era arts censorship
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1881–1940
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Pavel Ivanovich Lebedev-Poliansky Павел Иванович Лебедев-Полянский
Architect and first head of the Soviet censorship apparatus
Ideology and propaganda · Soviet Union
1881–1948
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Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov Климент Ефремович Ворошилов
Stalin’s marshal, sustained by loyalty more than command
Military command · Soviet Union
1881–1969
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Lidia Aleksandrovna Fotieva Лидия Александровна Фотиева
Lenin's personal secretary and conduit of his final political struggle
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1881–1975
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Fedor Ivanovich Kalinin Фёдор Иванович Калинин
Proletkult's worker-intellectual: a weaver by origin and theorist of proletarian culture
Ideology and propaganda · Soviet Union
1882–1920
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Yuri Mikhailovich Larin Юрий Михайлович Ларин
An imaginative economic theorist who bridged NEP and central planning, co-founded Gosplan, and championed Jewish agricultural settlement
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1882–1932
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Pavel Alexandrovich Florensky Павел Александрович Флоренский
Russian Orthodox priest-theologian who worked on Soviet electrification while wearing his cassock
Religion · Russian Orthodox Church
1882–1937