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People of the Revolution and the USSR
Activity
Affiliation
Position
Citizenship
Background
Era(set)
People of the Soviet Union
People of the Chinese revolution and the People’s Republic
People of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era
People of the wider world
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Juho Kusti Paasikivi Juho Kusti Paasikivi
Finnish realist who faced Stalin at the 1939 Moscow negotiations and later forged the Paasikivi doctrine of Cold War neutrality
Diplomacy and international organization · Finland state institutions
1870–1956
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Rhee Syngman 이승만
First president of South Korea who demanded unification by force and refused to sign the armistice
Government and administration · South Korea state institutions
1875–1965
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Wilhelm Pieck Wilhelm Pieck
From the Spartacus League to GDR head of state, the sole founding member who lived the full arc of German communism
Political and party leadership · East Germany
1876–1960
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Konrad Adenauer Konrad Adenauer
The chancellor who made provisional statehood durable
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1876–1967
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Andreas Hermes Andreas Hermes
Weimar finance minister who founded the CDU in the Soviet zone in 1945 and was deposed for opposing the land reform
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1878–1964
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Douglas MacArthur Douglas MacArthur
UN commander who conceived the Inchon landing and overruled the unanimous opposition of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Military command · United States state institutions
1880–1964
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William L. Lockhart Clayton William L. Clayton
Free-trade champion who built the world's largest cotton firm, then set the Marshall Plan in motion with his memo on Europe's collapse
Economy, finance and planning · United States state institutions
1880–1966
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Ernest Bevin Ernest Bevin
A pragmatic statesman who carried trade-union power into postwar diplomacy
Social movements and organizing · Labour Party (United Kingdom)
1881–1951
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Ivan Ribar Ivan Ribar
A parliamentarian who carried constitutional politics into the Liberation Movement
Legislature and state representation · Yugoslavia
1881–1968
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James F. Francis Byrnes James F. Byrnes
Roosevelt's "assistant president" who, as Secretary of State, designed the Potsdam reparations compromise
Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions
1882–1972
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Cho Man-sik 조만식
Kodang Cho Man-sik, the Korean Democratic Party leader removed from the northern political stage in 1946
Political and party leadership · Democratic Party of Korea
1883–1950
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Otto Nuschke Otto Nuschke
Kaiser’s successor at the head of the East German CDU, who brought it into line with the SED as deputy prime minister
Government and administration · East Germany
1883–1957
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Clement Attlee Clement Attlee
The laconic reformer who replaced Churchill mid-Potsdam and built Britain's postwar welfare state
Government and administration · United Kingdom state institutions
1883–1967
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Edvard Beneš Edvard Beneš
The last democratic president, who tried to topple a government with resignations and instead handed it to Gottwald
Diplomacy and international organization · Czechoslovakia
1884–1948
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Antonín Zápotocký Antonín Zápotocký
Czechoslovak Communist who led the trade-union central council, became prime minister after February 1948 and president in 1953
Political and party leadership · Czechoslovakia
1884–1957
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Petru Groza Petru Groza
The "red bourgeois", a landowning lawyer who never joined the party yet served as the communist regime's first prime minister and head of state
Government and administration · Romania
1884–1958
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Harry S. Truman Harry S. Truman
The 33rd president who framed the Cold War with the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
Government and administration · United States state institutions
1884–1972
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Petr Zenkl Petr Zenkl
National Socialist leader who led the ministers’ resignation in February 1948 and headed the exile Council of Free Czechoslovakia
Political and party leadership · Czechoslovakia
1884–1975
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Ho Hon 허헌
From civil-rights lawyer of the March 1st Movement to first Chairman of the DPRK Supreme People's Assembly: a progressive nationalist
Political and party leadership · Workers' Party of South Korea
1885–1951
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Ernst Bloch Ernst Bloch
Philosopher of the not-yet: thinker of concrete utopia and human emancipation in The Principle of Hope
Scholarship and theory
1885–1977
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Yeo Un-hyeong 여운형
He met Lenin and Sun Yat-sen, then staked everything on left-right unity: the last Korean unificationist before partition
Social movements and organizing · Kuomintang
1886–1947
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Jan Garrigue Masaryk Jan Garrigue Masaryk
The non-Communist foreign minister who lent Gottwald's government legitimacy, found dead under Černín Palace window two weeks after the coup
Diplomacy and international organization · Czechoslovakia
1886–1948
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Ferenc Münnich Münnich Ferenc
Hungarian communist who backed Soviet intervention with Kádár in 1956 and became prime minister after the revolution was crushed
Government and administration · Hungary
1886–1967
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Vincentas Borisevičius Vincentas Borisevičius
Catholic bishop of Telšiai in Lithuania, executed in 1946 on charges that included supporting the partisans
Religion
1887–1946
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Omer Nishani Omer Nishani
Albanian physician and politician, the people's republic's formal first head of state
Social movements and organizing
1887–1954
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John Foster Dulles John Foster Dulles
An American diplomat who drove the Cold War through alliance-building
Diplomacy and international organization · United States state institutions
1888–1959
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Jakob Kaiser Jakob Kaiser
Christian Democrat who led the CDU in the Soviet zone until SMAD removed him, then became West Germany’s minister for all-German affairs
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1888–1961
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Ernst Reuter Ernst Reuter
The social democrat who became the voice of divided Berlin
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1889–1953
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Zoltán Tildy Tildy Zoltán
The Reformed pastor-president who declared neutrality before Soviet tanks
Political and party leadership · Independent Smallholders' Party (FKGP)
1889–1961
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Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu
Carmelite friar and Free French admiral whose Republic of Cochinchina as High Commissioner opened the road to war
Military command · France state institutions
1889–1964
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Jawaharlal Nehru जवाहरलाल नेहरू
India's first prime minister and co-founder of the Non-Aligned Movement
Government and administration · India state institutions
1889–1964
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Kim Tu-bong 김두봉
Independence activist, linguist, and Yan'an faction leader who served as the first head of state of the DPRK
Political and party leadership · Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
1889–1958?
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Ho Chi Minh Hồ Chí Minh
He took on France, Japan and America in turn to win Vietnam's independence
Political and party leadership · Vietnam
1890–1969
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Zdeněk Fierlinger Zdeněk Fierlinger
Pro-Soviet Social Democrat and first post-liberation premier who sided with the Communists in 1948 and merged his party into theirs
Government and administration · Czechoslovakia
1891–1976
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Václav Nosek Václav Nosek
Czechoslovak interior minister whose purge of non-communist police in February 1948 triggered the government crisis and communist takeover
Security, intelligence and policing · Czechoslovakia
1892–1955
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Bolesław Bierut Bolesław Bierut
Stalin's most trusted East European proxy, architect of Poland's Stalinist system and guardian of the Oder–Neisse border
Political and party leadership · Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR)
1892–1956
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Mátyás Rákosi Rákosi Mátyás
Architect of Hungary's Sovietization who built one-party rule through 'salami tactics'
Political and party leadership · Party of Communists in Hungary (KMP)
1892–1971
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Max Fechner Max Fechner
First East German justice minister, dismissed and imprisoned in 1953 after opposing the prosecution of striking workers
Law and justice · East Germany
1892–1973
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Haile Selassie I ቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሴ
Moderniser and anti-fascist icon who never touched the land order that finally undid his dynasty
Monarchs and royalty · Ethiopia
1892–1975
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Edward Mallory Almond Edward Mallory Almond
A U.S. general whose offensive command was bound to racial prejudice
Military command · United States state institutions
1892–1979
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Josip Broz Tito Josip Broz Tito
Yugoslavia's partisan leader who chose non-alignment
Political and party leadership · Yugoslavia
1892–1980
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Nikola Dimitrov Petkov Никола Димитров Петков
Agrarian leader who opposed communist rule and was hanged after a show trial
Political and party leadership
1893–1947
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Wilhelm Zaisser Wilhelm Zaisser
First East German Minister for State Security, purged in 1953 after trying to replace Ulbricht
Security, intelligence and policing · East Germany
1893–1958
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Ana Pauker Ana Pauker
The world's first woman foreign minister and head of the Romanian party's "Muscovite faction", brought down by Gheorghiu-Dej's 1952 purge
Political and party leadership · Romania
1893–1960
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Palmiro Togliatti Palmiro Togliatti
'Il Migliore': the strategist who led Western Europe's largest communist party for forty years
Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Italy / Italian Communist Party (PCdI/PCI)
1893–1964
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Allen Dulles Allen Dulles
The American intelligence official who institutionalized covert war
Security, intelligence and policing · United States state institutions
1893–1969
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Hermann Matern Hermann Matern
SED Politburo member and chairman of the Central Party Control Commission who stood by Ulbricht in 1953
Political and party leadership · Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED)
1893–1971
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Walter Ulbricht Walter Ulbricht
German communist leader who built the GDR and erected the Berlin Wall
Political and party leadership · Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED)
1893–1973
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Oliver P. Smith Oliver Prince Smith
A Marine commander whose caution helped save a surrounded division
Military command · United States state institutions
1893–1977
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Kyuichi Tokuda 徳田球一
First JCP chairman who endured 18 years in imperial prisons
Political and party leadership · Japanese Communist Party (JCP)
1894–1953