People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity
Any Political and party leadership 1 Government and administration 1 Social movements and organizing 1
Affiliation

Most people

Any Czechoslovakiastate 1 Party of Communists in Hungary (KMP) 1 Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 1

All 3 affiliations

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakiastate 1 Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 1

Hungary

Party of Communists in Hungary (KMP) 1
Position
Any Marxism and communism 1
Citizenship
Any Czechoslovakia 2
Background(set)
Any Germany 74 Hungary 48 France 44 United States 32 United Kingdom 26 Japan 22 Finland 21 Poland 16 Spain 16 Italy 13 Greece 11 Russia 11 Ukraine 8 Estonia 7 Latvia 7 Lithuania 7 Belarus 6 Mongolia 5 Romania 5 Austria 4 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 4 Moldova 4 Serbia 4 Turkey 4 Georgia 3 Korea 3 South Africa 3 Switzerland 3 Albania 2 Armenia 2 Bulgaria 2 Croatia 2 Czechia 2 Czechoslovakia 2 India 2 Montenegro 2 Netherlands 2 Uzbekistan 2 Azerbaijan 1 Belgium 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 Brazil 1 Chile 1 Cuba 1 Egypt 1 El Salvador 1 Indonesia 1 Iran 1 Ireland 1 New Zealand 1 Nicaragua 1 Palestine 1 Peru 1 Sweden 1 Trinidad and Tobago 1 Turkmenistan 1
Era(set)
Any

People of the Soviet Union

People of the Stalin era1929–1953 1

People of the wider world

The age of the Internationals and empires1820–1917 1 The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 2 The Cold War and decolonization1945–현재 21
Background: Czechia The revolutionary wave and the world war 1917–1945 Clear all

Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk

Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
Czechoslovakia Czech 1850–1937 ○ Natural causes

The philosopher-president who organized the Czechoslovak Legion from exile and signed the Penza Agreement with the Bolsheviks

On 7 March 1918, his 68th birthday, Masaryk boarded a train from Moscow to Vladivostok to prove to his Legion in person that the crossing of Siberia was possible.

Masaryk, a philosophy professor and Reichsrat deputy from Moravia, went into exile at the outbreak of the First World War and became the political leader of the Czechoslovak independence movement. In 1917 he travelled to Russia, where he organized Czech and Slovak prisoners of war into the Czechoslovak Legion and negotiated the Penza Agreement with the Bolsheviks, securing the Legion's transfer to France via Vladivostok. Elected the first president of Czechoslovakia in 1918, he presided over Central Europe's most stable parliamentary democracy for 17 years, a success built on the contradiction of his Legion being drawn into the Russian Civil War against the very Bolsheviks with whom he had bargained.

Career timeline
  • 1882–1914Professor of Philosophy, Charles University in Prague
  • 1891–1893Deputy of the Austrian Reichsrat (Young Czech Party)
  • 1907–1914Deputy of the Austrian Reichsrat (Czech Progressive Party)
  • 1915–1918Chairman of the Czechoslovak National Council (in exile)
  • 1917–1918Organized the Czechoslovak Legion in Russia
  • 1918–1935First President of Czechoslovakia

Antonín Janoušek

Antonín Janoušek
Party of Communists in Hungary (KMP) Communism Czechoslovakia Czech 1877–1941 ○ Natural causes

Czech journalist who chaired the Revolutionary Governing Council of the Slovak Soviet Republic in 1919

Born in Nymburk, he was originally an engine fitter; he joined the Social Democratic Party in 1895 and from 1906 was a workers’ journalist and an official of workers’ associations. Living in Budapest from 1918 as a correspondent of the Kladno paper Svoboda, he led the Czech and Slovak section of the Hungarian Communist Party’s central committee in 1919. After the Hungarian Red Army entered Slovakia he proclaimed the Slovak Soviet Republic in Prešov and became chairman of its Revolutionary Governing Council, but the state ceased to exist on 7 July when Czechoslovak troops pushed the Hungarians out. Imprisoned in Hungary after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, he was handed over to the Czechoslovak authorities in 1920. Granted Soviet citizenship, he moved to Soviet Russia in 1922 and worked for International Workers’ Aid. He died of natural causes in 1941.

Career timeline
  • 1895Joined the Social Democratic Party
  • 1906Workers’ journalist and official of workers’ associations
  • 1919Head of the Czech and Slovak section of the Hungarian Communist central committee
  • 1919Chairman of the Revolutionary Governing Council of the Slovak Soviet Republic
  • 1922–1941Moved to the Soviet Union; International Workers’ Aid