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People of the Revolution and the USSR
Activity(set)
Affiliation
Position
Citizenship
Background
Era
People of the Soviet Union
People of the Chinese revolution and the People’s Republic
People of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era
People of the wider world
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Inessa Fyodorovna Armand Инесса Фёдоровна Арманд
The woman Bolshevik closest to Lenin: death saved her from the Purge
Political and party leadership · Soviet Union
1874–1920
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István Bethlen Bethlen István
Transylvanian aristocrat who, as prime minister in 1921–1931, consolidated the Horthy regime with a restricted franchise and a League loan
Government and administration · Hungary
1874–1946
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Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill Winston Churchill
Britain's wartime prime minister who divided Europe with Stalin on a half-sheet of paper
Government and administration · United Kingdom state institutions
1874–1965
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Arthur Crispien Arthur Crispien
German social-democratic politician and co-chair of the Independent Social Democratic Party.
Political and party leadership · Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
1875–1946
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Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin Михаил Иванович Калинин
The long-serving formal head of state
Legislature and state representation · Soviet Union
1875–1946
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Alexander Ivanovich Konovalov Александр Иванович Коновалов
The capitalist who gave his workers a nine-hour day and built the Progressive Bloc to challenge the autocracy
Industry and production · Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets)
1875–1949
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Mihály Károlyi Károlyi Mihály
Liberal aristocrat who came to power in the Aster Revolution and was president of the First Hungarian Republic
Political and party leadership · Hungary
1875–1955
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Roman Vatslavovich Malinovsky Роман Вацлавович Малиновский
Bolshevik Central Committee member and Duma leader who was the Okhrana's best-paid spy
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1876–1918
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Konkordia Nikolayevna Samoilova Конкордия Николаевна Самойлова
Founder of Rabotnitsa and organizer of Russia's first International Women's Day
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1876–1921
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Luis Emilio Recabarren Luis Emilio Recabarren
Father of the Chilean labour movement and pioneer of Latin American communism
Social movements and organizing · Communist Party of Chile
1876–1924
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Hermann Müller Hermann Müller
A Social Democratic politician of the Weimar Republic who served twice as chancellor.
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1876–1931
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Wilhelm Cuno Wilhelm Cuno
Non-party chancellor who answered the Ruhr occupation with passive resistance and fell amid hyperinflation
Political and party leadership · Germany state institutions
1876–1933
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Filipp Isayevich Goloshchyokin Филипп Исаевич Голощёкин
The revolutionary who led Kazakhstan's 'Little October'
Political and party leadership · Soviet Union
1876–1941
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Rozaliya Samoilovna Zemlyachka Розалия Самойловна Землячка
The 'Demon' Underground and the Only Woman Vice-Chair of Sovnarkom
Social movements and organizing · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1876–1947
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Wilhelm Pieck Wilhelm Pieck
From the Spartacus League to GDR head of state, the sole founding member who lived the full arc of German communism
Political and party leadership · East Germany
1876–1960
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Konrad Adenauer Konrad Adenauer
The chancellor who made provisional statehood durable
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1876–1967
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Vasil Petrov Kolarov Васил Петров Коларов
Co-founder of Bulgarian communism, from the Comintern to head of state
Diplomacy and international organization · Comintern
1877–1950
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Alfred Rosmer Alfred Rosmer
From syndicalism through the Comintern to the Fourth International: a French internationalist across a century of revolution
Social movements and organizing · General Confederation of Labour (CGT, France)
1877–1964
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Viktor Pavlovich Nogin Виктор Павлович Ногин
First commissar to resign demanding a coalition, buried on Red Square
Political and party leadership · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1878–1924
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Gustav Stresemann Gustav Stresemann
Weimar chancellor who ended passive resistance in 1923 and, as foreign minister, concluded the Locarno treaties
Diplomacy and international organization · Germany state institutions
1878–1929
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Emelyan Mikhailovich Yaroslavsky Емельян Михайлович Ярославский
The Party's Chief Atheist, Called 'the Soviet Priest'
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1943
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Nikolai Dmitriyevich Avksentiev Николай Дмитриевич Авксентьев
SR Party founder who chaired the last unified anti-Bolshevik government, overthrown by Kolchak
Political and party leadership · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1878–1943
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Vladimir Viktorovich Adoratsky Владимир Викторович Адоратский
IMEL director and the first Marxist philosopher to publicly anoint Stalin as a theorist
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1945
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Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин
The leader born to a poor Georgian family who came to dominate party and state
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1953
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Sadri Maksudi Садри Максуди
Tatar lawyer and Duma deputy who headed the national administration of Idel-Ural
Political and party leadership
1878–1957
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Grigory Ivanovich Petrovsky Григорий Иванович Петровский
Worker-Bolshevik who gave his name to Dnipropetrovsk and led Soviet Ukraine for two decades
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1878–1958
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Andreas Hermes Andreas Hermes
Weimar finance minister who founded the CDU in the Soviet zone in 1945 and was deposed for opposing the land reform
Government and administration · Germany state institutions
1878–1964
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Angelica Isaakovna Balabanova Анжелика Исааковна Балабанова
The Comintern's first secretary, who taught Mussolini and branded him traitor
Political and party leadership · Comintern
1878–1965
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Vasily Vitalyevich Shulgin Василий Витальевич Шульгин
The Duma monarchist who took the tsar's abdication and became an ideologue of the White movement
Political and party leadership · Russian Empire
1878–1976
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Boris Savinkov Борис Савинков
Terrorist, Counter-Revolutionary: the Black Horse of the Revolution
Political and party leadership · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1879–1925
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Piotra Krečeŭski Пётра Крэчэўскі
Chairman of the Rada of the Belarusian People’s Republic from 1919 until his death, leading it in exile from Prague
Legislature and state representation · Belarus state institutions
1879–1928
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Yakov Stanislavovich Ganetsky Яков Станиславович Ганецкий
The Polish revolutionary who ran Lenin's financial pipeline from Kraków to Stockholm
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union
1879–1937
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Iosif Stanislavovich Unshlikht Иосиф Станиславович Уншлихт
From Cheka deputy to civil aviation: the revolution's all-weather organizer
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union
1879–1938
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Leon Davidovich Trotsky Лев Давидович Троцкий
The orator who built the Red Army, felled by an ice axe
Military command · Soviet Union
1879–1940
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Pál Teleki Teleki Pál
Geographer of the “Red map” who was twice prime minister and killed himself in 1941 as German troops crossed Hungary
Government and administration · Hungary
1879–1941
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Chen Duxiu 陈独秀
The New Culture revolutionary who founded the CCP and led it for six years
Political and party leadership · Communist Party of China
1879–1942
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Aimo Cajander Aimo Cajander
Finnish forest scientist and statesman who built forest-type theory and led the cabinet on the eve of war
Government and administration · Finland state institutions
1879–1943
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Sándor Garbai Garbai Sándor
Bricklayer turned Social Democrat who chaired the Revolutionary Governing Council of the Hungarian Soviet Republic
Political and party leadership · Hungary
1879–1947
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Grigory Alekseyevich Alexinsky Григорий Алексеевич Алексинский
A polemicist who turned from revolutionary internationalism to wartime patriotism
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1879–1967
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Mirza Kuchik Khan میرزا كوچک خان
Iranian revolutionary who led the Jungle movement of Gilan and proclaimed the Soviet Republic of Gilan in 1920
Political and party leadership
1880–1921
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Jan Dąbski Jan Dąbski
A peasant-movement diplomat who shaped the Riga peace
Diplomacy and international organization · Poland
1880–1931
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Vincas Kapsukas Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas
Founder of the Lithuanian Communist Party who headed Soviet Lithuania and Litbel
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1880–1935
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Eero Haapalainen Eero Haapalainen
Trade union leader who commanded the Finnish Red Guards from January to March 1918
Military command · Communist Party of Finland (SKP)
1880–1937
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Mikhail Isaakovich Liber Михаил Исаакович Либер
A Menshevik who defended the revolution against its Bolshevik direction
Political and party leadership · General Jewish Labour Bund
1880–1937
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Kullervo Achilles Manner Kullervo Achilles Manner
Head of Finland's 1918 Red revolutionary government, who later led the exiled Communist Party and served the Comintern
Political and party leadership · Social Democratic Party of Finland
1880–1939
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Vladimir Mikhailovich Zenzinov Владимир Михайлович Зензинов
A Socialist Revolutionary who defended democratic socialism through exile and testimony
Literature and arts · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1880–1953
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Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Karpinsky Вячеслав Алексеевич Карпинский
Lenin's trusted Bolshevik publicist and a 68-year party veteran
Social movements and organizing · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1880–1965
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Serafima Ilyinichna Gopner Серафима Ильинична Гопнер
First woman to lead the Ukrainian Bolshevik party; delegate to all seven Comintern congresses
Diplomacy and international organization · Comintern
1880–1966
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Ivan Nikitich Smirnov Иван Никитич Смирнов
The Siberian Bolshevik of the Left Opposition
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1881–1936
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Edvard Gylling Edvard Gylling
Finnish socialist who was Red Finland’s commissar of finance and later headed the government of Soviet Karelia
Government and administration · Soviet Union
1881–1938