Antonovshchina
안토놉시나
The Soviet historiographical term for the Tambov peasant rebellion (1920–1922) led by former Socialist Revolutionary Alexander Antonov. Sparked by the violent grain requisitioning of War Communism, it grew into a guerrilla war pitting up to 50,000 insurgents against the Red Army and Cheka across Tambov, Voronezh, and Saratov provinces. Suppressed by Mikhail Tukhachevsky's large-scale counterinsurgency by summer 1922, the uprising, together with the Kronstadt rebellion, was a decisive impetus for the Bolshevik leadership's abandonment of War Communism and adoption of the NEP.
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- Wikipedia (EN) 'In Soviet historiography, the rebellion was referred to as the Antonovschina'; one of the largest peasant rebellions challenging Bolshevik government; peak 50,000 fighters; suppressed with chemical weapons by Tukhachevsky; ~100,000 arrested, ~15,000 killed in suppression; key factor in shift from War Communism to NEP
- Wikipedia (RU) 'Тамбовское восстание или Антоновщина (по фамилии руководителя восстания…)'; одно из самых крупных крестьянских восстаний против власти РКП(б); создание Союза трудового крестьянства; пиковая численность 50 тыс.; подавление Тухачевским с применением химического оружия
- soviethistory.msu.edu James von Geldern essay: revolt flared in fall 1920 when requisition detachments arrived; Antonov gathered ~20,000 armed men; crushed by May 1921 by Tukhachevsky; 'Lenin and the state leadership drew a clear message from it' leading to NEP