Basic Variant and Optimal Variant (of the First Five-Year Plan)
출발 변종과 최적 변종
Two draft designs produced by Gosplan in 1928–1929 for the First Five-Year Plan. The basic variant (отправной вариант) set minimum targets assuming unfavorable conditions, while the optimal variant (оптимальный вариант) set targets roughly 20% higher on the premise of favorable conditions. The Sixteenth Party Conference (April 1929) and the Fifth Congress of Soviets (May 1929) adopted the optimal variant; Stalin then revised even these targets upward, and the optimal variant became the institutional foundation of crash industrialization.
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Sources
- Wikipedia (RU) Russian Wikipedia entry on the First Five-Year Plan, confirms the two-variant structure and the XVI Party Conference's role in adopting the plan
- su-industria.livejournal.com L.S. Rogachevskaya, 'Альтернативы первому пятилетнему плану развития народного хозяйства' (1994): detailed account of the drafting process, the 20% gap between отправной and оптимальный variants, the production table comparing both, Krzhizhanovsky's insistence on the basic variant, and Stalin's rejection of it in favor of the optimal; also covers the subsequent upward revisions in late 1929
- yaklass.ru Yaklass educational summary confirming two Gosplan variants with a 20% difference and the April 1929 adoption of the optimal variant
- encyclopedia.com Encyclopedia.com article confirming Gosplan prepared successive drafts with increasingly ambitious targets before the plan's adoption in April 1929