Erfurt Program
에르푸르트 강령
Programme adopted by the Social Democratic Party of Germany at its Erfurt congress of 14–20 October 1891, replacing the Gotha Program of 1875. Karl Kautsky wrote the theoretical part and Eduard Bernstein the practical demands.
In depth
The theoretical part declared that the struggle of the working class against capitalist exploitation is necessarily a political struggle and set the aim of transforming capitalist private ownership of the means of production into social property. The practical part put first such demands as universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot in all elections, direct popular legislation, a militia in place of standing armies, legal equality for women and a normal working day of no more than eight hours. This dual structure of revolutionary principle and gradual reform came under challenge after 1905 from both revisionists and the revolutionary left. Engels praised it as an improvement on its predecessor while privately criticising parts of it. It was superseded by the Görlitz Program in 1921.