European Coal and Steel Community · 1951–2002

European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

유럽석탄철강공동체 (ECSC)

The first supranational European organization, established by the 1951 Treaty of Paris, which integrated the coal and steel industries of France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg into a single common market. It was run by an appointed High Authority designed to uphold the common interest rather than national interests, and it originated in Robert Schuman's declaration of 9 May 1950, which sought to make war between France and Germany 'not only unthinkable but materially impossible' by pooling coal and steel production. It provided the institutional model for the European Economic Community (EEC) created by the 1957 Treaty of Rome and was dissolved when the treaty expired in 2002.

Sources

  1. Wikipedia (EN) Founding, institutional structure, Schuman Declaration origins, six member states, Treaty of Paris (1951), expiry in 2002, and role as precursor to the EEC and EU.
  2. ebsco.com Summary of the ECSC's establishment, Schuman Plan, Jean Monnet's role, Marshall Plan context, and the ECSC as the first major effort at European economic federalism.
  3. centre-robert-schuman.org 75th anniversary overview confirming the ECSC as the foundation of European integration, proposed by Robert Schuman on 9 May 1950.
  4. Wikipedia (EN)
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