Revolutionary Socialist Party (France)
혁명사회당 (프랑스)
A French socialist party, the name taken in 1898 by the Blanquist Central Revolutionary Committee. Led by Édouard Vaillant, who sought to bridge the moderate socialists and the Marxists, it united in 1901 with Jules Guesde's French Workers' Party in the Revolutionary Socialist Unity, which became the Socialist Party of France of Guesde and Vaillant in 1902 and one of the two components of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) in 1905.
In depth
The Revolutionary Socialist Party was the new name given in 1898 to the Central Revolutionary Committee, the Blanquist party founded in 1881, the year of Blanqui's death. After the Boulangist Blanquists left in 1889, the committee was strengthened in 1896 by councillors and regional officials expelled from the Allemanist Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party, who grouped in 1897 as the Revolutionary Communist Alliance and apparently kept their autonomy within the party. With them the Revolutionary Socialist Party became the second socialist party in France after the Marxist French Workers' Party.
Its leader Édouard Vaillant wanted to be the link between the "moderate" socialists (Jean Jaurès, Paul Brousse, Alexandre Millerand) and the "Marxists" (Jules Guesde, Paul Lafargue). When the question of joining the government divided the socialists after the Dreyfus affair, Vaillant took an intermediate position between the revolutionaries and the reformers. On 16 July 1899 the party signed, with the French Workers' Party and other groups, a joint manifesto "to working-class and socialist France", and at the congress of socialist organisations in the Salle Wagram in Paris on 28 September 1900 the two parties jointly condemned Millerand's entry into the government.
In 1901 the Revolutionary Socialist Party united with Guesde's French Workers' Party in the Revolutionary Socialist Unity, renamed the Socialist Party of France in 1902; that party was one of the two components of the French Section of the Workers' International in 1905. Besides Vaillant, its leading figures included Marcel Sembat, deputy for the Seine, and the Communard and Blanquist Henri Place.