Ryutin Platform
류틴 강령
A 1932 opposition manifesto and the political program of the underground 'Union of Marxist-Leninists,' written by Martemyan Ryutin. The nearly 200-page document ('Stalin and the Crisis of the Proletarian Dictatorship') called for an end to forced collectivization, a slowdown of industrialization, reinstatement of expelled Party members including Trotsky, and Stalin's removal 'by force.' It was the last organized attempt to oppose Stalin from within the Party. Betrayed by an informer, Ryutin and 24 others were arrested, expelled, and exiled; Stalin's paranoid determination to root out Party enemies hardened decisively after the affair, setting course toward the Great Terror.
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Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) Historical account of the Ryutin affair, the Union of Marxist-Leninists, the Platform's contents and demands, and the Politburo's response.
- Wikipedia (RU) Russian Wikipedia article on Martemyan Ryutin, covering the drafting and contents of the Platform, Stalin's response, and the historical significance.
- orlandofiges.info Orlando Figes educational resource: the Platform as a blistering critique of Stalin that marked the last significant internal Party opposition before the Great Terror.