Seventh Army (Red Army)
붉은 군대 제7군
The Seventh Army was an operational Red Army formation created during the Russian Civil War to defend the Petrograd direction, established in November 1918 from the former Olonets Group and units from the Petrograd and Pskov areas. In March 1921 its headquarters was urgently restored in response to the Kronstadt Rebellion, and Mikhail Tukhachevsky assumed temporary command, directing an assault assembled from officer-cadet schools and several infantry formations.
In depth
Formation and role
The army was formed on 1 November 1918 by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Northern Front. Its initial base consisted of the former Olonets Group, the 2nd Petrograd Infantry Division, and the Pskov Rifle Division. From 22 November 1918, the Baltic Fleet and the Kronstadt fortress were placed under its operational authority.
The Kronstadt operation
The army headquarters was dissolved in February 1920 and restored in April, then on 5 March 1921 was again subordinated directly to the high command for the suppression of the Kronstadt Rebellion. Under Tukhachevsky’s temporary command, reinforcements included cadets from the 2nd and 3rd Moscow Infantry Command Schools and the 1st Torzhok Military School, alongside rifle formations including the 27th and 43rd Divisions. The force crossed the frozen Gulf of Finland during the night of 16–17 March, attacked Kronstadt, and captured the fortress on the 18th.
Sources
- Wikipedia (RU) | 7-я армия의 1918년 창설, 초기 편성, 크론시타트 요새와 발트 함대에 대한 작전상 지휘, 1920년 재편 및 지휘관 정보를 지원
- nashahistory.ru | 1921년 3월 5일 7군 복원, 투하쳅스키의 임시 지휘, 크론시타트 공격을 위한 병력 편성 및 작전 명령을 지원