Social Revolutionary Movement
사회혁명운동
A far-right party of fascist inspiration founded in Paris in September 1940 by Eugène Deloncle, former leader of La Cagoule, and Eugène Schueller, owner of L'Oréal. Openly antisemitic, it took an active part in collaboration with Nazi Germany and was involved in the bombing of Paris synagogues in October 1941. In February 1944 it was replaced by the tiny French Revolutionary Movement (MRF).
In depth
The movement brought together former Cagoulards such as Jean Filiol and Jacques Corrèze, right-wing employers such as Georges Laederich, and figures from other backgrounds such as Jean Fontenoy. Its programme, approved by the German ambassador Otto Abetz, called for building a new Europe in cooperation with National Socialist Germany, freed from 'liberal capitalism, Judaism, Bolshevism and Freemasonry', and for a harsh statute for the Jews who would remain in France. Its headquarters were on the boulevard Haussmann in Paris and its organ was the review Révolution nationale. Active mainly in Paris, it set itself up as a rival to the French Popular Party.
In February 1941, at German insistence, it merged with Marcel Déat's National Popular Rally (RNP), but Deloncle's faction kept its autonomy and formed the RNP's security service. After the shooting of Laval and Déat on 27 August 1941, Déat concluded that Deloncle was plotting against him and removed his faction, ending the merger in October. Meanwhile, in July 1941, Deloncle and Schueller had founded the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism (LVF). In October 1941 Deloncle plotted attacks on seven Paris synagogues with explosives supplied by the SS officer Hans Sommer.
While Deloncle was absorbed in the LVF the movement split again, and an internal coup led by Georges Soulès and others removed him on 14 May 1942. For a time in 1942 Jean Fontenoy led the movement. Soulès's faction moved to an anti-German position, and in February 1944 the MSR was replaced by the tiny French Revolutionary Movement, which kept the original programme.