Subjective Method in Sociology
주관적 방법
A sociological methodology developed by Narodnik theorists Pyotr Lavrov and Nikolai Mikhailovsky, which held that the social sciences, unlike the natural sciences, must select and evaluate facts according to the researcher's moral ideal. It placed the individual's freely chosen ideal as the ultimate criterion of historical progress, prioritizing 'pravda-spravedlivost' (truth-as-justice) over 'pravda-istina' (truth-as-fact). Lenin attacked it as subjective idealism in What the 'Friends of the People' Are, and it was displaced from the academic mainstream by Marxist historical science.
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- Wikipedia (RU) Russian Wikipedia: Михайловскому наравне с П.Л. Лавровым принадлежит разработка идеи о свободном выборе «идеала»… Наиболее полное выражение эта идея получила в так называемом субъективном методе социологии
- encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com Great Soviet Encyclopedia (3rd ed.): "Subjective Method in sociology, an idealist treatment of historical knowledge… The founders of the subjective method were the Narodniki (Populists) P. L. Lavrov and N. K. Mikhailovskii"
- Wikipedia (EN) English Wikipedia: Mikhailovsky's social philosophy, the hero-and-crowd theory, and his Narodnik theoretical contributions