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People of the Revolution and the USSR
Activity(set)
Affiliation
Position
Citizenship
Background
Era
People of the Soviet Union
People of the Chinese revolution and the People’s Republic
People of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era
People of the wider world
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Sylvain Maréchal Sylvain Maréchal
French writer and author of the Manifesto of the Equals
Social movements and organizing · Conspiracy of the Equals / Société des Égaux
1750–1803
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Antoine-François Momoro Antoine-François Momoro
Cordelier printer who spread the motto “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”
Social movements and organizing · Cordeliers Club
1756–1794
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Pierre-Joseph Cambon Pierre-Joseph Cambon
Finance specialist who led the Convention’s finance committee
Economy, finance and planning · French monarchy
1756–1820
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Gracchus Babeuf Gracchus Babeuf
Advocate of substantive equality in the Conspiracy of the Equals
Social movements and organizing · Conspiracy of the Equals / Société des Égaux
1760–1797
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Jean-François Varlet Jean-François Varlet
Enragé activist who championed section assemblies and direct democracy
Social movements and organizing · Enragés
1764–1837
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François-Nicolas Vincent François-Nicolas Vincent
Cordelier and Hébertist who served as secretary-general of the War Ministry
Government and administration · French First Republic state institutions
1767–1794
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Charlotte Corday Charlotte Corday
Norman noble and Girondin sympathizer who assassinated Marat
Social movements and organizing
1768–1793
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Étienne Cabet Étienne Cabet
Founder of the Icarian movement who coined the term 'communism'
Social movements and organizing
1788–1856
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Louis Auguste Blanqui Louis Blanqui
Insurrectionary strategist who spent 37 years in prison; Blanquism paved the road to Leninism
Social movements and organizing
1805–1881
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Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin Михаил Александрович Бакунин
Marx's greatest rival: founder of collectivist anarchism, at the center of the First International's great split
Social movements and organizing
1814–1876
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Nathalie Le Mel Nathalie Le Mel
French bookbinder and activist in the Women's Union of the Paris Commune
Social movements and organizing · International Workingmen's Association (First International)
1826–1921
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Louise Michel Louise Michel
Montmartre teacher who fought on the Commune’s barricades, was deported to New Caledonia and became the anarchist “Red Virgin”
Social movements and organizing
1830–1905
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Eugène Varlin Eugène Varlin
Bookbinder who led the Paris International, ran the Commune’s finances and was shot on the last day of Bloody Week
Social movements and organizing
1839–1871
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Leó Frankel Frankel Leó
Jeweller who headed the Commune’s Labour and Exchange Commission and later founded Hungary’s workers’ party
Social movements and organizing · International Workingmen's Association (First International)
1844–1896
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Catherine Konstantinovna Breshkovsky Екатерина Константиновна Брешко-Брешковская
'Grandmother of the Russian Revolution' who endured 44 years of prison and exile; co-founder of the Socialist Revolutionary Party
Social movements and organizing · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1844–1934
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Sergei Gennadiyevich Nechayev Сергей Геннадиевич Нечаев
Author of the Catechism of a Revolutionary, the nihilist who demanded total sacrifice for the revolutionary cause
Social movements and organizing
1847–1882
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Elisabeth Lukinichna Dmitrieff Елизавета Лукинична Кушелева
Russian revolutionary who organized the Paris Commune's Women's Union
Social movements and organizing · International Workingmen's Association (First International)
1850–1918?
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Vera Nikolayevna Figner Вера Николаевна Фигнер
Last survivor of the Narodnaya Volya Executive Committee who spent 20 years in solitary confinement and wrote its definitive memoir
Social movements and organizing · Narodnaya Volya
1852–1942
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Nikolai Ivanovich Kibalchich Николай Иванович Кибальчич
Narodnaya Volya's chief explosives expert who designed the bombs that killed Alexander II and sketched a manned rocket from his death cell
Social movements and organizing · Narodnaya Volya
1853–1881
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Sofia Lvovna Perovskaya Софья Львовна Перовская
Narodnaya Volya leader who directed the tsar's assassination with a white handkerchief; first woman executed for a political crime in Russia
Social movements and organizing · Narodnaya Volya
1853–1881
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Nikolai Aleksandrovich Morozov Николай Александрович Морозов
Narodnaya Volya theorist of terror who became a scientist during 25 years in prison
Social movements and organizing · Narodnaya Volya
1854–1946
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Eugene V. Debs Eugene V. Debs
Five-time Socialist Party presidential candidate and pioneer of industrial railroad unionism
Social movements and organizing · Socialist Party of America
1855–1926
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Clara Zetkin Clara Zetkin
Creator of International Women's Day, she set women's liberation at the heart of class struggle
Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
1857–1933
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Carl Legien Carl Legien
German trade-union leader who signed the 1918 agreement with Stinnes and met the Kapp Putsch of 1920 with a general strike
Social movements and organizing · Independent activity
1861–1920
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Pyotr Vasilievich Vologodsky Пётр Васильевич Вологодский
A lawyer-statesman who held White Siberia together through compromise
Government and administration · Russian White movement
1863–1925
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Robert Emil Eichhorn Robert Emil Eichhorn
German Social Democratic and Independent Social Democratic politician who headed Berlin police in 1918
Security, intelligence and policing · Germany state institutions
1863–1925
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Alexander Serafimovich Александр Серафимович
The Don Cossack's son who gave the revolution its epic
Literature and arts · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1863–1949
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Nikolai Yakovlevich Marr Николай Яковлевич Марр
Creator of the Japhetic theory who, as the sole Imperial academician to join the Communist Party, dominated Soviet linguistics for decades
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1865–1934
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Alexander Ilyich Ulyanov Александр Ильич Ульянов
Lenin's elder brother: a gold-medal zoologist who turned from studying worms to building bombs for the assassination of Alexander III
Social movements and organizing · Narodnaya Volya
1866–1887
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Julian Józefowicz Marchlewski Julian Marchlewski
A Pole who passed through the German and Russian revolutions and tried to bring revolution home
Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
1866–1925
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Pyotr Petrovich Schmidt Пётр Петрович Шмидт
The revolutionary naval officer who raised the red flag over the Black Sea Fleet and demanded a constitution from the Tsar
Social movements and organizing
1867–1906
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Kurt Eisner Kurt Eisner
Journalist who overthrew the Bavarian monarchy in Munich in November 1918, proclaimed the People’s State and was assassinated the next year
Social movements and organizing · Germany state institutions
1867–1919
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Viktor Konstantinovich Kurnatovsky Виктор Константинович Курнатовский
One of Russia's first Marxists, from Narodnaya Volya to leader of the 1905 Chita Republic
Social movements and organizing · Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP)
1868–1912
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James Connolly James Connolly
He raised the workers' flag and the republic's on a single staff
Social movements and organizing · Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
1868–1916
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Iosif Solomonovich Bleikhman Иосиф Соломонович Блейхман
An anarchist spark in the crisis of 1917
Social movements and organizing
1868–1921
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Maria Fyodorovna Andreyeva Мария Фёдоровна Андреева
Actress turned Bolshevik financial agent whom Lenin called 'Comrade Phenomenon'
Literature and arts · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1868–1953
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W. E. B. Du Bois W. E. B. Du Bois
"Capitalism cannot reform itself": father of the modern Negro liberation movement who joined the Communist Party at 93
Scholarship and theory · Communist Party USA (CPUSA)
1868–1963
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Yevno Fishelevich Azef Евно Фишелевич Азеф
The Okhrana's paid informant who led the revolution's terrorist vanguard
Social movements and organizing · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1869–1918
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Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya Надежда Константиновна Крупская
She built the Soviet school and library system from the shadow of her husband
Education · Soviet Union
1869–1939
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Alexander Nikolayevich Vinokurov Александр Николаевич Винокуров
The Bolshevik physician who built the USSR Supreme Court and led it for fourteen years
Law and justice · Soviet Union
1869–1944
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Marcel Cachin Marcel Cachin
Leader who took the SFIO majority into the Comintern at Tours in 1920, founding the French Communist Party, and ran L’Humanité
Political and party leadership · French Communist Party (PCF)
1869–1958
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Georgy Apollonovich Gapon Георгий Аполлонович Гапон
The priest who led the march, and ended a double agent
Social movements and organizing · Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR/SR)
1870–1906
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Gustav Landauer Gustav Landauer
German anarchist thinker who served in Bavaria’s revolutionary government and was killed by counterrevolutionary troops in 1919.
Social movements and organizing
1870–1919
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Fernand Loriot Fernand Loriot
French socialist and teachers’ union activist who led the Committee for the Third International
Social movements and organizing · Comintern
1870–1932
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Alexander Osipovich Berkman Александр Осипович Беркман
Anarchist writer who served 14 years for the Frick assassination attempt, then broke with the Soviet state
Social movements and organizing
1870–1936
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David Borisovich Riazanov Давид Борисович Рязанов
Founder of the Marx-Engels Institute and independent Marxist who never stopped disagreeing
Scholarship and theory · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1870–1938
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Gustav Bauer Gustav Bauer
Social Democratic chancellor whose government accepted the Treaty of Versailles under an Allied ultimatum
Political and party leadership · Germany state institutions
1870–1944
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Nikolai Yevgrafovich Fedoseev Николай Евграфович Федосеев
Russian revolutionary who organized the first Marxist circles in the Volga region
Social movements and organizing
1871–1898
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Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg
“Freedom is always the freedom of the one who thinks differently”
Social movements and organizing · Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
1871–1919
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Stanisław Grabski Stanisław Grabski
An Endecja theorist who pressed for a Polish nation-state
Political and party leadership · Polish Socialist Party (PPS)
1871–1949