Hui general who ruled Guangxi with Li Zongren, led the 1927 Shanghai purge and was the first defence minister
Born to a Hui Muslim family in Guilin, Guangxi, he graduated from the Baoding Military Academy. With Li Zongren and Huang Shaohong he formed the New Guangxi Clique, which ruled Guangxi from the mid-1920s to 1949. He commanded the Kuomintang forces in the Shanghai massacre of 1927, directing the purge of Communists, and defeated the Fengtian clique in the Northern Expedition. He opposed Chiang in the Central Plains War of 1930 but backed him against Japan and in the civil war, and was the Republic’s first defence minister from 1946 to 1948. Commanding in central China in 1949, he lost his main force to the Fourth Field Army, fled to Taiwan and died there in 1966.
Also known as: Pai Chung-hsi · Omar Bai Chongxi
Activities and affiliations
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1926–1949
Republic of China state institutionsMinister of National DefenceMain
Military command -
–1966
Military command
Career Timeline
- 1911Joined a students’ dare-to-die corps in the Xinhai Revolution
- 1915Entered the Baoding Military Academy
- 1924Took control of Guangxi with the New Guangxi Clique
- 1927Commanded Kuomintang forces in the Shanghai massacre
- 1930Joined the anti-Chiang coalition in the Central Plains War
- 1946–1948Minister of National Defence
- 1949Defeated in central China; retreat to Taiwan