Venetian lawyer who led the rising of 1848 and, as president of the Republic of San Marco, held out against Austria for seventeen months

Born in Venice, he studied law at Padua; his Jewish grandfather had taken the name Manin on conversion under the sponsorship of the last Doge, Ludovico Manin. In 1847 he petitioned the emperor with the wants of the Venetians, was arrested for high treason in January 1848 and freed under popular pressure on 17 March. After the seizure of the Arsenal he became president of the Republic of San Marco, and after the union with Sardinia and the Salasco armistice he took back the government and, with Pepe, defended the besieged city. After famine and cholera he negotiated its surrender in August 1849 and went into exile in Paris, where he turned from republicanism and founded the Italian National Society for unity under the House of Savoy. He died in Paris in 1857.

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