Faubourg Saint-Antoine goldsmith who stormed the Bastille and, as a sans-culotte general, commanded the Army of the West in the Vendée
A goldsmith born in 1759 to a poor family of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine, he stormed the Bastille in 1789, helped prepare the rising of 10 August 1792 and sat on the general council of the insurrectionary Commune. Sent to the Vendée in 1793 as a lieutenant-colonel of gendarmerie, he became commander of the Army of the Coasts of La Rochelle in July under Ronsin’s protection. Dismissed in August for looting and incompetence, he was reinstated by the Convention and defended at the Jacobin Club by Robespierre and Hébert in September. In November he also took over the Army of the West and the Armies of the Coasts of Brest and Cherbourg, losing them after the defeat at Dol. Dismissed in April 1794 and imprisoned after Thermidor, he was implicated in Babeuf’s Conspiracy of the Equals but acquitted. Deported with other Jacobins in 1801, he died of disease on Anjouan in the Comoros in 1802.
Activities and affiliations
Career Timeline
- 1775–1783Soldier of the Royal-Roussillon regiment
- 1789Took part in the storming of the Bastille
- 179210 August rising; member of the general council of the insurrectionary Commune
- 1793Commander of the Army of the Coasts of La Rochelle
- 1793Commander of the Armies of the Coasts of Brest and Cherbourg and of the Army of the West
- 1796–1797Imprisoned over the Conspiracy of the Equals; acquitted
- 1801–1802Deported to the Seychelles and the Comoros; died on Anjouan
Related historical events
- 1789–1799French RevolutionSans-culotte of the Bastille and 10 AugustA goldsmith of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine, he stormed the Bastille, helped prepare the rising of 10 August 1792 and sat in the insurrectionary Commune.
- 1793–1796The War in the VendéeSans-culotte general commanding the Army of the Coasts of La Rochelle and the Army of the WestRaised to command in July 1793 under Ronsin’s protection, he was judged incompetent after the defeats at Coron, Pontorson and Dol and was removed.