presidency (USSR)
대통령제 (소련)
The executive head of state of the USSR, created by constitutional amendment on 14 March 1990 by the Congress of People's Deputies, replacing the ceremonial chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet with a post wielding real executive power. Mikhail Gorbachev first floated the idea at the Nineteenth Party Conference in 1988 as part of his political reform package and was elected the first, and only, President on 15 March 1990. The presidency marked the institutional pivot of power from party organs to state structures and was abolished with the dissolution of the USSR upon Gorbachev's resignation on 25 December 1991.
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Sources
- Wikipedia (RU) full history of the office from its proposal at the 19th Party Conference to its abolition
- Wikipedia (EN) powers, constitutional basis, and the office's role in the shift from party to state power
- ru.wikisource.org original text of the 14 March 1990 law establishing the post of President of the USSR and amending the constitution
- historyru.com confirms the 12-15 March 1990 III Congress of People's Deputies abolished Article 6 and created the presidency